Vlaardingen 作者：  来源：  发布时间：2021-10-21

一、人口，面积，所属地区

Location in South Holland

Coordinates: 51°54′N 4°21′E

Country Netherlands

Province South Holland

Area

 • Total 26.69 km2 (10.31 sq mi)

 • Land 23.64 km2 (9.13 sq mi)

 • Water 3.05 km2 (1.18 sq mi)

Elevation  1 m (3 ft)

Population (January 2019)

 • Total 72,404

 • Density 3,063/km2 (7,930/sq mi)

Demonym(s) Vlaardinger

Time zone UTC+1 (CET)

 • Summer (DST) UTC+2 (CEST)

Postcode   3130–3138

Area code 010

Vlaardingen is a city in South Holland in the Netherlands. It is located on the north bank of the Nieuwe Maas river at the confluence with the Oude Maas. The municipality administers an area of 26.69 km2 (10.31 sq mi), of which 23.64 km2 (9.13 sq mi) is land, with 72,404 residents in 2019.

Old harbour in the centre of Vlaardingen

二、自然地理

The city is divided into a northern (locally known as the "Holy") and a southern part by the A20 motorway. On the east the city is separated from Schiedam by the A4 motorway. Other places nearby are Maassluis to the west, Schipluiden and Delft to the north, Schiedam and Rotterdam to the east and Spijkenisse in the south-west, on the other side of the Nieuwe Maas. The A20 connects Rotterdam to Hoek van Holland. The Beneluxtunnel (the tunnel that runs under the Nieuwe Waterweg) connects the A20 to the A15.

The centre of the town is on the west side of the old harbour, which is originally a stream ('De Vlaarding') from the peat lands north and east of the town, running to the Meuse estuary.

Railway / Metro station

Vlaardingen West metro station

Vlaardingen West is a metro station in Vlaardingen, the Netherlands. Located on the Hoekse Lijn, it is served by RET Metro Line B at all times, and Line A during peak periods.

History

The station was opened on 1 June 1969 by Nederlandse Spoorwegen, as a local railway station on the Hoekse Lijn. NS stopped operating the line, including Vlaardingen West railway station, on 1 April 2017 to enable conversion for metro train operations. The station was reopened by RET on 30 September 2019, with preview services operating on 28 September.

Metro services

As of 2019, Vlaardingen West is served by 6 trains per hour on RET Metro Line B, of which 3 per hour travel the full length of the route, and 3 travel only as far as Steendijkpolder

During peak periods, the station is also the western terminus of Line A, with 6 trains per hour making use of the centre track and platform to turn back eastbound.

Vlaardingen Centrum metro station

Vlaardingen Centrum is a metro station in Vlaardingen in the Netherlands. The station is located on the Schiedam–Hoek van Holland railway.

History

Vlaardingen Centrum was first opened as a train station on 17 August 1891.

The Nederlandse Spoorwegen stopped operating the line, including Vlaardingen Centrum railway station, on 1 April 2017 to enable conversion for metro train operations. The station was reopened by RET on 30 September 2019, with preview services operating on 28 September.The station had a yard connected that was used during the early days of the Schiedam-Hoek van Holland railway (Hoekse Lijn). Later the yard got abandoned and removed during the train-metro transition.

Metro services

As of 2019, Vlaardingen Centrum is served by 6 trains per hour on RET Metro Line B, of which 3 per hour travel the full length of the route, and 3 travel only as far as Steendijkpolder

During peak periods, the station is also served by Line A, with 6 trains per hour travelling as far as Vlaardingen West.

Vlaardingen Oost metro station

Vlaardingen Oost is a metro station in Vlaardingen in the Netherlands. Located on the Hoekse Lijn, it is served by RET Metro Line B at all times, and Line A during peak periods.

History

Vlaardingen Oost was opened on 17 August 1891 as a local railway station on the Hoekse Lijn.

The Nederlandse Spoorwegen stopped operating the line, including the Vlaardingen Oost railway station, on 1 April 2017 to enable conversion for metro train operations. The station was reopened by RET on 30 September 2019, with preview services operating on 28 September. The station is still accessible for diesel trains, because nearby companies still require trains to deliver supplies.

The station was one of the first railway stations in The Netherlands to be built on a bridge.

Metro services

As of 2019, Vlaardingen Oost is served by 6 trains per hour on RET Metro Line B, of which 3 per hour travel the full length of the route, and 3 travel only as far as Steendijkpolder

During peak periods, the station is also served by 6 trains per hour on Line A, which travel as far as Vlaardingen West.

三、经济发展和规模

Vlaardingen - Average purchase price

231,415.00

Euro in 2019

Owner-occupied house - Vlaardingen - Average consumption of natural gas

1,180.00

m3 in 2019

Total male and female - Vlaardingen - Live born children » Live born children, ratio

11.00

per 1,000 in 2019

Total male and female - Vlaardingen - Deaths » Deaths

809.00

Number in 2019

四、产业特点/重点项目

The 2 Vlaardingse ertskranen in the Vulcaanhaven

A Unilever research centre is located in Vlaardingen (located next to the former Sunlight factory, later called Lever Faberge Sourcing Unit Vlaardingen). There are still some ship repair business(es) in Eastern Vlaardingen beside the Nieuwe Maas River. The Vulcaanhaven  was for many years the largest privately owned artificial harbour in the world. The last major herring factory, Warmelo & Van Der Drift, left Vlaardingen in the middle of 2012 to relocate to Katwijk aan Zee. There are still some ferry terminals (DFDS Seaways, sailing to Felixstowe and Immingham and P&O Ferries sailing to Hull).

五、风景名胜，景点

Monuments

Historical buildings in the town include the Grote Kerk (Big Church), the Waag (Weighing Bridge) next to the church and the old town hall (used for weddings), all on the Markt, the former marketplace, the Visbank (Fish Auction) at the harbour and the Oude Lijnbaan (Old Ropewalk, where ropes were made). The Grote Kerk was probably established between 1156 and 1164 and has been expanded, damaged and rebuilt. To the north of the old harbour is the old Aeolus) windmill, which operates and sells ground cereals. The harbour is a marina and open-air museum with old ships. At the harbour is the Museum Vlaardingen (before: Visserijmuseum and the Visserij en Vlaardings Museum), a museum dedicated to commercial sea fishing and lore. A war memorial to the crew of a Wellington bomber from No. 142 Squadron RAF killed when it was shot down over Vlaardingen in March 1942 has been erected in Wijkpark Holy-Noord in June 2012.

On Emaus Cemetery in Vlaardinger Ambacht six members of the resistance group "Geuzen" are buried. They were executed in March 1941. Nine adjacent headstones are symbolic for nine other members of the "Geuzen" who were also executed and buried elsewhere.

Events

The "Vlaardings Loggerfestival"(Logger is a traditional ship used for herring fishery, the customary English name is Lugger) is held on the first Saturday of June. The festival used to be called "Haring en Bierfeest" (translation: herring and beer festival), but in 2003 the mayor decided to rename it. In 2015, the name "Haring en Bierfeest" reappeared again.

Since 1987, the Geuzenpenning is an award that is yearly bestowed by a local foundation in cooperation with the town's municipality to human rights activists from all over the world.

六、历史文化

The area around Vlaardingen was already settled by about 2900 to 2600 BC. In 1990, a skeleton dated at about 1300 BC was dug up in the periphery of Vlaardingen; some human nuclear DNA was identified, the oldest found anywhere in the Netherlands. Although in the Roman Age a stronghold or maybe even a vicus Flenio must have been found in nowadays Vlaardingen, between roughly 250 CE and 700 CE the region seems to have been uninhabited, like much of the west of the Netherlands. In 726 or 727 the area is again mentioned as In Pagio Marsum, where a little church was established, around which Vlaardingen formed. The church is mentioned on a list of churches Willibrord, the Apostle to the Frisians, inhered to the Abbey of Echternach.

In 1018 Vlaardingen was a stronghold of Dirk III, who levied an illegal toll on ships on the Meuse river. An army sent by German Emperor Henry II in order to stop this practice was defeated by Dirk III in the (First) Battle of Vlaardingen. In 1047, his successor Dirk IV repelled another such attack (Second Battle of Vlaardingen). The first of these battles was commemorated in 2018 by a historical reenactment

The flood disaster of December 21, 1163 (Saint Thomas Flood), ended the growth of Vlaardingen. The Counts of Holland moved away and its development stagnated.

It is known that in 1273 Vlaardingen was granted city rights by Floris V, Count of Holland. Older city rights are possible, but not provable.

In 1574, during the Eighty Years War of Dutch independence, a group of Watergeuzen burnt down Vlaardingen as commanded by William of Orange to prevent the Spanish from capturing the town. Vlaardingen later became a shipbuilding area and a significant harbour for the herring fishing industry. The fishing boats (originally "haringbuizen", later also "sloepen" and "loggers") ceased to use Vlaardingen in the years after World War II.

In 1855 the former municipality of Zouteveen was merged into the municipality Vlaardingerambacht which in turn was merged with Vlaardingen during the occupation of the Netherlands in the Second World War by the Germans in 1941.

Because of the industrialization in and close to Vlaardingen, the city suffered from heavy air pollution and, sometimes, pathogenic smog during the 1970s. One day, a high school had to be closed because of the smog. Many environmental groups arose in and around Vlaardingen as it was seen as one of the most polluted cities of the country.

Vlaardingen consists of 8 districts/neighbourhoods:

1, Vlaardingen Centrum

2, Westwijk

3, Vettenoordse polder (includes industry)

4, Vlaardingen Oost

5, Ambacht/Babberspolder

6, Holy Zuid

7, Holy Noord

8, Broekpolder

七、其他信息

Housing Action Plan

With the implementation of the Housing Action Plan, the housing vision up to 2030, the municipality and the housing associations in Vlaardingen are working on 'a lot to choose'. We renovate homes, demolish homes that no longer meet today's requirements and build new comfortable homes.

Sports and exercise

Sport and exercise are an important part of our daily routine. The municipality of Vlaardingen strives for every person from Vlaardingen to grow up and grow old with sport and exercise as a matter of course. An important spearhead in our policy is that the sports facilities are accessible, accessible and sustainable. In addition, the municipality is committed to the exercise-friendly design of the outdoor space. The Vlaardingen in Beweging Foundation (ViB) carries out activities in the field of sports and exercise. Via www.stichtingvib.nl you will find an overview of the various activities for young and old.

Grow old healthy

Growing old healthy and happy, that is what we are working on together in the Healthy aging network. Many factors influence people's health. Movement is one of them.

八、联系方式

Mayor:  Bas Eenhoorn

Municipal office: Westnieuwland 6, 3131 VX Vlaardingen

The postal address is:  Municipality of Vlaardingen, PO Box 1002, 3130 EB Vlaardingen

call: (010) 248 4000

Website: https://www.vlaardingen.nl

Twitter:  volgvlaardingen  @VolgVlaardingen

Facebook:  Gemeente Vlaardingen  @gemeentevlaardingen

LinkedIn: www.linkedin.com/company/gemeente-vlaardingen

Pinterest: www.pinterest.com/gemvlaardingen

Youtube: www.youtube.com/user/mediateamvlaardingen