Neder-Betuwe 作者：  来源：  发布时间：2021-10-18

一、人口，面积，所属地区

Location in Gelderland

Coordinates: 51°56′N 5°38′E

Country Netherlands

Province Gelderland

Area

 • Total 68.16 km2 (26.32 sq mi)

 • Land 60.64 km2 (23.41 sq mi)

 • Water 7.52 km2 (2.90 sq mi)

Elevation  7 m (23 ft)

Population (January 2019)

 • Total 24,034

 • Density 396/km2 (1,030/sq mi)

二、自然地理

The municipal boundaries are for a large part defined by the river Waal to the south, the river Rhine to the North and the Amsterdam-Rhine Canal to the west. Because of the location between the two rivers the area is as narrow as 3 km (2 mi) near Opheusden. The area is basically a polder, dikes protect the former floodplain from flooding. Since it was a floodplain the area is relatively flat and the soil is mainly clay with layers of sand and gravel underneath.

Topography

 Dutch Topographic map of the municipality of Neder-Betuwe, June 2015

Population centres

Dodewaard

Echteld

IJzendoorn

Kesteren

Ochten

Opheusden

Transport

The highway A15 runs east to west through Neder-Betuwe. A provincial road crosses the Rhine near Kesteren and another provincial road crosses the Waal near Echteld. A railway line through the area was built in 1882, connecting Geldermalsen and Amersfoort to Nijmegen. A new dedicated freight railway line called the Betuweroute was opened on June 16, 2007. This line connects the port of Rotterdam to Germany and beyond. A ferry operates a service across the Rhine between Opheusden and Wageningen. During summer months a small ferry transports people between Dodewaard and Druten, mainly tourists, across the river Waal as part of several recreational bicycle routes.

三、经济发展和规模

The local economy runs mostly on agriculture (fruit plantations and tree nurseries) and some factories. The economy blossomed after the completion of the railway line through the area making it possible to transport fresh fruit. A considerable part of the local population works outside the municipal boundaries.

Neder-Betuwe - Average purchase price

309,005.00 Euro in 2019

Total » Total » A-U All economic activities - Neder-Betuwe - Electricity. delivered

110,538.00

1,000 kWh in 2018

Total » Total » A-U All economic activities - Neder-Betuwe - Natural gas, delivered

18,680.00

1,000 m3 in 2018

Usage function » Function non-residential dwelling » Non-residential function: health care - Neder-Betuwe - Initial stock

17.00

Number in May 2020

四、产业特点/重点项目

Power plant

In Dodewaard, the Dodewaard nuclear power plant with a boiling water reactor has been decommissioned. It was operational in the period 1968-1997. It had a capacity of 58 MW.

In 2003 the last fissionable material was removed. Parts of the plant were demolished, the main building is in a 40-year waiting period of "safe enclosure" from 2005-2045, before being demolished. The main source of radioactivity is cobalt-60 with a half-life of 5.27 years, hence it is reduced by a factor 193 in 40 years. Waiting longer is not as effective, since at that time the main source of radioactivity will become nickel-63 with a half-life of 100.1 years.

The spent uranium and the uranium left when operation was discontinued were transported to BNFL in Sellafield for nuclear reprocessing.

See also nuclear reactors in the Netherlands below.

Projects

Area vision Midden-Waal

The Midden-Waal project on the north bank of the Waal covers an area of approximately 12 km. From global Dodewaard to the Amsterdam-Rhine Canal near Tiel, the floodplains with large-scale agricultural use are changing into a wetland nature area with secondary channels and islands. In close consultation with numerous authorities and stakeholders, we are developing a plan with which the landscape and river nature can regain significance. In addition, we want to make the area more accessible and suitable for nature recreation, such as walking, cycling and fishing. To make the plan economically feasible, we combine the redesign with the extraction of sand, gravel and clay for the construction task and the reinforcement of the dikes.

The Midden-Waal project comprises the following phases:

Redesign around Dekker's office (now completed)

Willemspolder phase 1

Willemspolder phase 2

Governor polder (between Ochten and Dodewaard)

Schedule

Realizing the Midden-Waal project takes a long time. We go through a careful process of research and plan development in consultation with stakeholders, such as residents, users and governments, prior to the formal procedures. Dekker attaches great importance to careful consultation and tries to include the knowledge and opinion of stakeholders in its plans. The realization of the individual phases takes about 5 to 10 years.

Wind energy development in Central Betuwe

The municipalities of Neder-Betuwe and Overbetuwe are working together on a plan for the Midden-Betuwe wind farm. The wind farm is an initiative of Yard Energy and Maatschap Betuwemolen. The main thing is that direct residents of the park can take maximum advantage of the arrival of the park. Building blocks are gathered in personal conversations so that the best plan for the Midden-Betuwe wind farm is drawn up.

Local residents in Lower Betuwe and Overbetuwe were informed by letter at the end of March 2020 about the wind farm. In May 2020, local residents were invited to participate in an online survey in which initial ideas and opinions could be indicated. Unfortunately, live meetings and conversations could not be held.

Why wind energy?

Like all governments, the municipality of Neder-Betuwe wants to combat climate change. Sustainability is of paramount importance to the municipality. By 2023, a minimum of 20% sustainable energy production must be realized in the municipality, in addition to 2% energy savings per year.

In the Climate Note Neder-Betuwe (2018) with an Energy Transition Roadmap, the city council has decided to generate renewable energy on a large scale through various large wind and solar projects.

For the 2020 target, the emphasis is on the construction of 5 solar fields that have received green light.

For the ambition in 2023, a wind program will be carried out within the search area determined by the city council.

Joint plan for maximum benefit from the Midden-Betuwe wind farm

Because the Midden-Betuwe wind farm extends over both the territory of Neder-Betuwe and Overbetuwe, both municipalities are working together.

The municipalities and initiators are aware of the impact on the environment that the arrival of a wind farm will have. The wishes expressed by local residents are important to the planners.

With the results of the online survey, personal conversations and live meetings, stakeholders can think along and participate in the development of the best plan for the Midden-Betuwe wind farm. Due to the corona crisis, many conversations unfortunately still have to take place by telephone in most cases.

How further?

We aim to have a draft participation plan in place before the summer that explains how we work with stakeholders and how residents and businesses of both municipalities can make the most of the mills.

If more time is needed for this, it will be taken to ensure care. The results will be presented to the municipal councils of both municipalities later in the year.

五、风景名胜，景点

Tempel- en Kerkmuseum Elst (Temple and Church Museum)

General information

The current Grote Kerk, with its monumental tower, was constructed in the 1400s in Gothic Style. The Tempel | Kerk Museum Elst is located inside the church and tells the story of this 2000-year old place of worship. Nowhere in the Netherlands can such high Roman temple walls be seen.

The museum contains three areas:

--In the nave-aisle of the building, several display cases contain exceptional archaeological finds.

--Under the nave, the foundations of two successive Gallo-Roman temples from the 1st century AD can be found. The second of these temples was one of the largest in the north-western part of the empire.

--Under the nave and choir, foundations of two (early) Medieval churches, extended over time with a crypt, are visible. The crypt contains a 10th-century grave.

Visiting the Roman temples and the Medieval foundations is only possible as part of a guided tour.

Elst has a horse market every Monday in September which is well worth going to.

Visit information

Address: Grote Molenstraat 2, 6661 DJ Elst

Email: kerkmuseum@pg-elst.nl

Kröller Müller Museum & the Hoge Veluwe

Highlights

Visit the second-largest Van Gogh collection in the world

Enjoy a bike ride on one of the famous white bicycles

Small group tour of maximum 8 persons

Enjoy one of the largest sculpture gardens in Europe

Have your guide/driver take you for a scenic ride

The Kröller-Müller Museum houses the second-largest Van Gogh collection in the world: almost 90 paintings and over 180 drawings. Furthermore, you will find masterpieces by modern masters such as Claude Monet, Georges Seurat, Pablo Picasso and Piet Mondriaan.

In the sculpture garden, one of the largest in Europe, you can enjoy both sculptures and the beautiful nature of the National Park. Distributed throughout the garden are over 160 sculptures by iconic artists.

At arrival in Kröller Müller your guide will take to the museum where you can enjoy some free time to explore the museum in your own pace.

Next you have a choice of activities that you may wish to do:

Enjoy a bike ride. Cycling is the ideal way to explore the park, especially since you can make free use of the famous white bicycles. On your way you will encounter all of the landscapes the park has to offer.

Reference: https://www.wotif.com/things-to-do/small-group-tour-to-kroller-muller-museum-the-hoge-veluwe.a511731.activity-details

六、历史文化

Archaeological excavations have found remains dating back to the Stone Age and Iron Age although it is not known if the area was permanently inhabited. The Neder-Betuwe area is along the northernmost border or limes of the Roman empire. Evidence suggests that a Roman fort (Castra) was maintained where the town of Kesteren now is.

Around 1300 the first dikes were put up to protect the inhabitants and agricultural lands from flooding.

Most churches are reformed, there are no Catholic churches in the Neder-Betuwe area. The eastern municipal border also marks an invisible religious border, to the east a considerable part of the population is Catholic. This can be explained by the presence of a dike called the Spanjaardsdijk or Spaniards Dike which was built before or during the Eighty Years' War. The local ruler was Protestant, the rulers to the east were Catholic.

During World War II the area saw a lot of fighting. During the German invasion in May 1940 the area was attacked since it was on the southern flank of the attack towards the Grebbeberg. In September 1944 the area again came under fire during and after operation Market Garden. The narrowest part of the Betuwe became the western front of the allied bridgehead in the area. Opheusden was basically ruined because of the constant fighting between the Germans and the 101st Airborne Division and later British forces and the 1st Belgian Infantry Brigade. Ochten was flattened by British forces using artillery and mortars from south of the Waal.

In February 1995, Ochten received international media attention because of a weakened dike after a prolonged period of high waterlevels in the rivers. This situation and the state of other dikes forced 250,000 people in this region to evacuate. The river levels had been unusually high for almost two months, reaching record heights during the first days of February. Although the dike started to shift, a huge rescue operation managed to stabilize the dike. Several months later the already planned strengthening of the dike started with almost no opposition. Some people who opposed the strengthening before the evacuation, mainly because of NIMBYism, were harassed by some locals.

七、其他信息

This region in the province of Gelderland is the perfect destination for nature lovers. Whether you're planning a weekend away or a longer stay, there's always a lot to do and see in the Betuwe!

Visit the Betuwe, a region of natural beauty between the rivers Waal, Nederrijn and Lek. Take in the nature, hop on a bicycle and enjoy a pint at a sidewalk café in one of the many picturesque villages.

The Betuwe has an interesting history. In the first four centuries the region was inhabited by the Romans and the Batavians. Unfortunately there's not much left of their presence.

If you're interested in Roman ruins, head out to Elst and visit the Tempel- en Kerkmuseum Elst (Temple and Church Museum) underneath the Grote Kerk. Here you can see the remains of two Roman temples that were built in the first century AD. Elst has a horse market every Monday in September which is well worth going to.

The major attraction in the Betuwe though is the nature. Take a boat ride down the Linge, the longest river in the Netherlands! You can also cycle the Lingeroute past beautiful villages and orchards which bloom in spring.

Combine your day outdoors with a pint at a sidewalk café in the historic towns of Tiel or Culemborg. Culture lovers shouldn't miss the National Glass Museum in Leerdam. This interesting museum even has its own glassworks!

The best way to discover the Betuwe is by bicycle, boat or shanks' pony. Follow one of the many walking trails and bicycle routes and pack some food so you can stop for a picnic. It doesn't matter where you stay in the Betuwe, you're always close to nature.

The Betuwe is easy to reach by public transport and car. The larger towns in the vicinity, such as Tiel and Nijmegen, have train stations. If you're travelling by car, leave it in the village you decide to stay in and hop on a bicycle or bus to move between the villages.

This beautiful region is the perfect place to relax and recharge your batteries.

八、联系方式

 • Mayor Jan Kottelenberg (CDA)

Born: April 24, 1958 (age 62 years), Zwiep, Netherlands

Twitter: Jan Kottelenberg   @JanKottelenber

Municipality of Lower Betuwe

Burg. Lodderstraat 20, 4043 KM Opheusden

Write to us

Box 20, 4043 ZG Opheusden

Fax: (0488) 44 99 99

info@nederbetuwe.nl

Call us: 14 0488 (6 digits)

Emergencies (in public spaces) : 0345-585353 (during office hours) or 06-21896420 (outside office hours).

https://www.nederbetuwe.nl