Pudasjärvi 作者：  来源：  发布时间：2021-10-16

一、所属省或是州，具体位置，人口，面积

Pudasjärvi is a town and a municipality of Finland. It is located in the province of Oulu and is part of the Northern Ostrobothnia region. The city has a population of 7,988 (31 January 2019) and covers an area of 5,867.23 square kilometres (2,265.35 sq mi) of which 228.67 km2 (88.29 sq mi) is water. The population density is 1.42 inhabitants per square kilometre (3.7/sq mi). Pudasjärvi is by area the second largest town in Finland (as of 2006, Rovaniemi is the largest) and one of the largest in the world.

https://www.pudasjarvi.fi/

二、自然地理

1.地理条件

The southern and western part of Pudasjärvi is a lowland bog, which is crossed by forested islands. The bogs are mostly open, watery and difficult -to- navigate bogs with plenty of small, deep-banked ponds. Lush shady raven bogs spread along the streams. Pudasjärvi is one of the most marshy areas in Finland; more than half of the city’s area is swampy. The bogs have been drained for silviculture and, more recently, for peat production. There are large bogs in the Olvas, Oravi, Näätä and Sammakkosuo salt formations on the borders of Pudasjärvi and Utajärvi. The forests of Lake Pudasjärvi are mostly pine-dominated. The eastern part of the keeperspruces dominate the danger and fell area. There are so-called slopes and lakes on the slopes and bends of the dangers. The oldest rock area in the European Union and at the same time in Finland (3.5 billion years) is located in Siuruankylä in Pudasjärvi.

There is more than 200 km² of water in the Pudasjärvi area. There are large lakes, especially in the central and eastern parts of Lake Pudasjärvi. Lake Sotkajärvi and Lake Pudasjärvi are significant bird lakes.

Harnessed downstream to generate electricity, the Iijoki River flows through Pudasjärvi from east to west in its natural state. Iijoki fish species include trout , grayling and whitefish. In the north, the collisions of the Iijoki River are sparsely populated and the river flows mainly in the midst of dangers. Further south, on the banks of the Iijoki River, there are low coastal meadows and villages built on the banks. The annual Iijokisoutu, which takes place every year in July, starts at Saija in Taivalkoski and ends at Lake Kipina in Pudasjärvi. The water bodies in the southern part of Lake Pudasjärvi are connected to the Kiiminkijoki River.

2.交通情况

Pudasjärvi cross Oulu Kuusamoon running on highway 20 and Kajaani Rovaniemi traveling the main road 78. Oulu, the capital of the province of Northern Ostrobothnia, is 86 kilometers away. The total length of public roads in Lake Pudasjärvi is the fifth largest in Finland.

三、经济发展和规模

According to the financial review 2019 published by the Ministry of Finance on 18 December 2019, GDP will grow by 1.6% in 2019. Private consumption will continue to grow as employment earnings levels rise. Exports are growing strongly as a result of service exports and ship deliveries. As a result, Investment in housing is declining, but so is investment in production. Employment started to grow again in the autumn of 2019 due to the weaker employment trend at the beginning of the year.

According to Statistics Finland's Labor Force Survey, the employment rate in 2019 was 72.6 per cent on average and the unemployment rate in 2019 averaged 6.7 per cent. According to a publication by the Ministry of Finance, economic growth will slow to 1% in 2020. Exports of services continue to grow rapidly and keep export growth faster than export demand. Private consumption continues to grow steadily. The growth of household income is maintained by son upusu. Accelerating growth in public consumption will increase the share of domestic demand. Inbound private investment is projected to decline, in particular construction investment. Out-investments in service buildings are increasing.

The number of employed will increase by 0.5% in 2020. The slowdown in economic growth and the rise in nominal wages begin to gradually weaken employment growth. Driven by employment growth, the number of unemployed and the unemployment rate will fall to 6.5%. Calculating the unemployment rate readings from the pre-peak period increase labor market tensions, which in turn strengthens upward pressure on wages. According to the forecast, GDP will grow by 1.1% in 2021 and 1.2% in 2022. and accelerating nominal wage growth will stem the growth of labor demand in 2020. 2021. The employment rate will rise to 73.6 per cent by 2022 for the working age population further decreasing.

Slowing economic growth and expenditure increases in line with the government program will increase deficit in 2020. On the other hand, the tax increases in 2020-2023 will increase tax revenues.  gradually as the term of office progressed. Public finances still remain clearly in deficit throughout during the term of office. Balancing public finances requires that the government’s program measures to strengthen employment and the productivity of the economy and public administration implementation and enforcement. Government debt-to-GDP ratio has declined in recent years. The debt ratio gradually and threatens to rise to over 60% in the early 2020s. The global economic situation remains uncertain, although some signs of stabilization remain. you. Long-term interest rates have risen slightly and some forward-looking indicators point to better in the near future.

https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pudasj%C3%A4rvi

City of Pudasjärvi. (2019). 2019 Annual Financial Evaluation. https://www.aanekoski.fi/kaupunki/hallinto-ja-talous/talous/talousarvio-ja-tilinpaatos

四、产业特点/重点项目

Pudasjärvi's livelihoods are largely based on natural resources and their processing. Key industries include mechanical wood processing, tourism and rural entrepreneurship.

The most significant industrial companies operating in Pudasjärvi are Kontiotuote and Profin, which focus on mechanical wood processing. Kontiotuote Oy is a nationally significant supplier of log houses, and in 2005 it employed 269 people. Profin Oy is a supplier of windows and doors, whose products mainly go to the Far Eastern market. The tourism industry is in Syöte eight main actors, such as large-Syöte Oy, Syöte central booking, Input Resort and Kelosyöte Oy. Other important employers are the City of Pudasjärvi, Rakennusliike Asuntoinsinöörit Oy, Lännen Tehtaat Oyj / Apetit and the M-, S- and K-markets.Niemitalo's cheese factory makes bread cheese , which is quite well-known in northern Finland and is called koljaja cheese.

The most important sectors employing Pudasjärvi are public services, in March - and forestry, industrial, wholesale - and retail trade as well as trade and accommodation sector services. In 2001, 303 people from other municipalities and 422 people from Pudasjärvi worked in other municipalities. Target for both inbound and outbound commuting. Since the recession of the early 1990s, Pudasjärvi has experienced a persistently difficult unemployment situation. In July 2016, the unemployment rate was 17.7%.

五、风景名胜，景点( attractions)

1. Syötte National Park

Syötte National Park was established in 2000 and is located in the area of the city of Pudasjärvi and the municipalities of Posio and Taivalkoski. The area of the national park is 299 km².

The park consists of four separate areas: Syötte, Maaselä, Latva-Korte-Kärppävaara and Salmitunturi. The park is located in the border area of the North Ostrobothnian marshland and the Northeast danger landscape. The park is named after Iso-Syötte, the southernmost mountain in Finland.

In terms of landscapes and habitats, the area of the national park is multifaceted. There are dangers in the national park and the marshes, bogs, ax-free spruces and primeval forests on its slopes, the dense vegetation of the creek stems. The national park is located in a reindeer husbandry area, and reindeer husbandry and the associated economy can be seen in its natural landscape as well as traces of old forestry. There is a presentation of all of these at the Syöte Nature Center.

There are a total of 122 kilometers of marked day, hiking and hiking trails in Sötte National Park. The Pärjänjoki canoeing route is 22 kilometers long. The feed is especially popular with mountain bikers. source? The cycling trails in the park are 19 to 54 kilometers long.

https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sy%C3%B6tteen_kansallispuisto

2. Cultural Sites

The Pudasjärvi Local History Museum, which covers an area of about three hectares, is one of the largest local history museums in Northern Finland. There are almost twenty buildings in the area, containing more than 8,000 objects.

The current Pudasjärvi church was completed in 1781. In the immediate vicinity of the church building are a chapel and a bell tower, the top of which is decorated with the only known outdoor paintings by Mikael Toppelius. 417 people from Pudasjärvi who fell during the Winter, Continuation and Lapland Wars have been buried in Pudasjärvi Cemetery. The hero monument, designed by artist Paavo Tolonen and made of stone and bronze, was unveiled in 1978. In Relief, a soldier and a mother with their children build a new future in a war-torn world.

The home exhibition of sculptor, painter and photographer Kari Tykkyläinen is open in summer in Konttila, Yli-Siurua, near the main road 78. The home studio of the painter Paavo Ahonen is located in Kipliä village in Yli-Kollaja. Sculptor and poet Eero Räisänen's summer exhibition "Eeten" is located on the banks of the Iijoki River in Parkkila in the village of Pudasjärvi. Photos by nature photographer Jorma Luhta about the nature of Pudasjärvi can be seen all year round at the Syötte Nature Center, where you can also see pictures about the history of Syötte. In addition, the works of artists from various fields are constantly on display in the city library. source?

https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pudasj%C3%A4rvi

3. Lake Iinattijärvi

Iinattijärvi is Pudasjärven in the heart of the village, whose population is concentrated to the eponymous lake around it. In the north the village is bordered by Syötekylä, in the east by Pintamo, in the west by Pärjänsuo and in the south by Hirvaskoski . The lake itself is surrounded by beautiful dangerous landscapes that provide contrast to the fields resting on the shores. In the 18th century, the Iinattivaara copper mine was located in the village.

Other parts of the village are Haisuvaara and Poijula, where until autumn 2009 the nearest primary school, Poijula School, was located.

Hampusvaara, which rises high, is one of the landmarks of Lake Iinattijärvi.

In addition to its Nimikkojärvi, the water bodies located in the village area include Valkiainen, Kangaslampi, Naamanganjoki and Iinattijoki.

https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pudasj%C3%A4rvi

六、历史文化

1.历史

Before the Sámi settlement, the middle reaches of the Iijoki River were inhabited by the Stone Age population fishing for game and fish. Many place names date from the Sámi period, such as Lapinvaara, Lapinniemi, Puhos, Naamanka, Kollaja, Jaalanka, Panuma, Jaurakka and Iijoki. It is thought that the name Iijoki comes from the word Idjajohka, which means "night river". When the people of Häme came to the Iijoki Valley about a thousand years ago, the Sámi settlement slowly began to retreat to the north. In the 13th century, with the establishment of the coastal settlement in the Gulf of Bothnia, the area became a wilderness area for coastal inhabitants. Ostrobothnians and Vienneseused the Iijoki as a route for their trade and persecution trips. The water body, which was rich in islands and puta, was named Pudasjärvi.

In the 1570s, a dozen families of Savonian origin on the banks of the Ii and Livojoki rivers, attracted by good Kaskims. The Great Russian War of 1570–1595 pushed more Savoans to the area from the direction of the Oulu River. The peace of the full house in 1595 established the conditions in the area. In 1633, 78 tax houses are already mentioned in the villages of Kollaja, Pudasjärvi, Livo, Sotkajärvi, Kure and Tyrävaara. By 1702, the number of tax houses had risen to 109 and the area had a population of 600 to 700 inhabitants. The settlement spread from the Iijoki valley to other water bodies. At that time, all the current main villages in the area were born.

The roof years of the 19th century plagued the area, so residents had to resort to straw and bedding. Between 1866 and 1868, 962 people died of starvation or starvation-related diseases in Lake Pudasjärvi, but the population had increased sevenfold in the last 120 years. Sparse population sheltered from communicable diseases and birth rates were high. Due to the years of famine and their unfortunate consequences, a district doctor was appointed to Lake Pudasjärvi as early as 1866 and a pharmacy was established in 1884. source? Acquisition of the hospital was postponed until 1909.

In the 1920s and 1930s, hundreds of crown crowns were independent. Under the 1936 Settlement Act, a large unified settlement area called Pärjänsuo was established in the village of Livo. Maahankintalain by colonization was continued for example Asmuntin, rock Moss, Tuhansuon, Ruuhensuo, Jaalangan and Malisensuon populated areas. Clearance increased the arable land from 2,092 hectares in 1920 to about 10,000 hectares in 1969. However, the population earned its main livelihood from forestry, flooding and constructio.

In 1980, the skiing hobby began with Iso-Syötte, which has become a local trademark. In 2001, Lake Pudasjärvi became part of the Ii region, which was later renamed the Oulunkaari region. In 2004, Lake Pudasjärvi became the largest city in Finland in terms of area. Already in 2006, Rovaniemi, which had merged with the countryside of Rovaniemi, became the largest city in Finland.

2. 文化体育

The Cultural Office regularly organizes art exhibitions in the Art Room Pohjantähti. The most notable artists living in or from Pudasjärvi are Kari Tykkyläinen, Paavo Tolonen, Jorma Luhth, Janne Räisänen, Tapani Kokko, Antti Estamaa, Maarit Bergman, Esko Männikkö and Martti Aiha.

The Cultural Office and the Pudasjärvi Parish jointly organize a homeland festival every year, which is held in the area of the Homeland Museum and in the church. The traditional Pudasjärvi Market is one of the largest sources in Northern Finland market . The week-long Sunny Night Fly-in, a gathering of aviation enthusiasts, was held for the first time in July 2006.

Development activities are organized annually on the first weekend of September in the village to cook! an event where fairly freely formed teams compete in a cooking competition.

七、其他信息

Pudasjärven Urheilijat ry. organize events in conjunction with the city's sports activities. The World Championships in indoor skiing have been held annually in February since 1998. The week-long Summer Pilk World Championships are also held in the summer. Pohjantähti Games is an international athletics competition held during Midsummer. The Iijokisoutu, which has been organized since 1983, leaves TaivalkoskiFrom Saija and ends in the village of Kipinä in Pudasjärvi. The distance is about 160 kilometers, and it takes five days. The purpose of Iijoki is to make the tourist values of the Iijoki River known, to make the Iijoki river rehabilitable and to support the protection of the Iijoki watershed.

八、联系方式

Mayor: Tomi Tinonen

Tel. 040 826 6417

Email: kirjaamo@pudasjarvi.fi

https://www.pudasjarvi.fi/