Raseborg 作者：  来源：  发布时间：2021-04-21

一、所属省或是州，具体位置，人口，面积

Raseborg (Finnish: Raasepori) is a town (administrative area) and municipality of Finland. Raseborg, on the Finnish south coast midway between the cities of Helsinki and Turku. It was created on January 1, 2009, when the municipalities of Ekenäs, Karis and Pohja were consolidated into a single town.

The town has a population of 27,653 (31 January 2019) and covers an area of 2,354.24 square kilometers (908.98 sq mi) of which 1,206.47 km2 (465.82 sq mi) is water. The population density is 24.09 inhabitants per square kilometer (62.4/sq mi).

The name of the new town is based on the Castle of Raseborg located in Ekenäs, or formerly in the municipality of Snappertuna. Historically the name of the county was also Raseborg in the 14th century.

The town is bilingual, the majority of the town being Swedish-speakers, taking up two-thirds of the population (66.2% to be precise) and Finnish-speakers being the minority, which approximately takes up the remaining one-third of the population (31% precisely).

二、自然地理

1.地理条件

The town of Raseborg is the 67th largest area in Finland. The land in total is around 2,354.24 km2 (908.98 sq mi), which includes 1,147.70 km2(443.13 sq mi) in land and 1,206.47 km2(465.82 sq mi) in water.

The climate of Raseborg is considered as humid continental climate. A humid continental climate is a climatic region defined by Russo-German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1900,typified by four distinct seasons and large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold in the northern areas) winters.

Raseborg is located in the west of the Uusimaa landscape on the coast of the Gulf of Finland. Neighboring cities and towns are Hanko in the south, Kimitoön in the west, Salo in the northwest, Lohja in the northeast and Ingå in the east. The capital Helsinki is 93 kilometers east.

2. 交通情况

State road 25 leads through Raseborg from Hyvinkää to Hanko. It crosses the places Karis and Raseborg. Shortly before Karis, the main road 51 branches off from state road 25, which runs parallel to the coast via Ingå and Kirkkonummi to Helsinki. The main road 52 to Salo begins in Raseborg.

Two railway lines cross at Karis station: the coastal railway from Helsinki to Turku and the Hyvinkää – Hanko railway line. Karis is the terminus of a local rail line in the Helsinki region and is also served by all long-distance trains that run between Helsinki and Turku. As a result, Raseborg is well connected to the capital region. The journey time to Helsinki is just over an hour. On the Karis – Hanko route, the trains also stop at Ekenäs station. There is only freight traffic between Karis and Hyvinkää.

Kari's train station and travel center form a hub for public transport in Raseborg. There you can eg change from train to bus to get to our villages. The bus and train timetables can be found on VR and Matkahuolto's web pages.

The city bus in Raseborg is a new way for you to go from your home to the nearest center (Karis or Ekenäs depending on where you live) to handle matters. The minibus runs every weekday in a predetermined area. The different areas are marked with colors on the map. Departures are in the morning and departure in the afternoon. The exact route and length of the bus are determined by the booking mode.

The school ferry timetables can be found. The right of access to the archipelago's road ferries is granted by the Enterprise, Traffic and Environment Center in Southwest Finland.

三、经济发展和规模

According to the annual change in various items in Raseborg's income statement, Raseborg Business revenues in 2007 is around 37,146,367. In the year 2008, the business revenues increase around 12.84% percent. Then, it decreases 5.87% in the next year, 2009. In year 2010, Raseborg Business revenues increased 14.68%, then decreased 4.95 in year 2011.   In the details of Raseborg Business revenues, the main sales revenue of Raseborg was 18,148,892 in 2007. Later it got increased in year 2008（15.57%） and 2010（17.73%）） and decreased in year 2009（14.59%） and year 2011(4.01%).

When the development of Raseborg's economy is compared to how the economy has changed in Finland's municipalities, in 2008, Raseborg stands out, as all figures surveyed have changed by more than 10% compared to the previous year, which is very much on an annual level. In 2009, costs in Raseborg have decreased, while those in Finland's municipalities have increased by 3.9% on average. It seems that the financial crisis has appeared on tax revenues as tax revenues in the municipalities of Finland have decreased by 4.1% compared to 1.1% in Raseborg. Also in 2010, costs rose less in Raseborg compared to other municipalities in Finland, 4.8% compared to 1.6%. When Raseborg increased its municipal tax rate for 2010, tax revenues were again higher than in Finland's municipalities, 6.8% against 1.3%. Government shares increased more in the other municipalities than in Raseborg, when they rose by 10.4% in the municipalities of Finland, compared with 2.5% in Raseborg. This was also the case in 2011 when they rose by 7.0% in Finland's municipalities against 3.0% in Raseborg. The development of Raseborg's revenues is difficult to compare with that in Finland's municipalities, as the annual percentage changes for Raseborg have been very high.

Raseborg’s economy is showing a positive trend and especially costs have risen more slowly than in other Finnish municipalities. The costs of the high schools’ and primary schools’ in relation to the total costs of the education committee have decreased.

四、产业特点重点项目

The Raseborg area is the cradle of the Finnish metal industry. The ironworks Antskog (1630), Billnäs (1641) and Fiskars (1649) were built in the former municipality of Pohja in the 17th century. The Fiskars Company still exists today and now produces handcrafted devices such as knives, axes and scissors. The company headquarters are now in Helsinki, but with 450 employees Fiskars is still the largest private employer in Raseborg. Other important employers in Raseborg are the truck manufacturer Sisu  Auto and the shipbuilding supplier SBA-Interior, both of which produce in Karis. In the public sector, the city of Raseborg employs 1,700, the nursing district Westuusimaa 550 and a garrison of the Finnish armed forces in the village of Dragsvik employ 250 people.

In February of year 2011, Raseborg Municipality entered into a "Friendship Co-operation Agreement" with Makana Municipality in South Africa. The project, which is to last three years, seeks to facilitate information sharing in the fields of economic development, arts and culture, women's development, youth development, and education.

五、风景名胜，景点( attractions)

1. Raseborg Castle ruins

The Raseborg Castle is a medievalcastle in Raseborg, Finland. Many tourists come every year to visit Raseborg Castle ruins, one of the most famous historical heritages in Finland. It has been suggested that the castle was founded by Hermann of Dorpat, the successor of Albert of Riga, and Livonian Brothers of the Sword after Livonian Crusade. They would have named the castle Ratzeburg after Bishopric of Ratzeburg.The castle is also suggested to be founded by Bo Jonsson Grip and it is thought that the castle's first phase was completed sometime between 1373 and 1378.

Following information is provided to subscribe Raseborg Castle. aseborgsslottsväg (Fin: Raaseporinlinnantie), Snappertuna, ☏+358 19 234015, raseborgsslottsknekt@gmail.com. May–first half of Jun daily 10:00–17:00; Midsummer's week–first half of Aug 10:00–20:00; rest of Aug and weekends in Sep 10:00–17:00. A pretty medieval castle (from 14th Century). Originally it was located near the sea shore, but due the post-glacial rise of land it eventually lost it's access to the sea and therefore also it's strategic importance. Café Slottsknektensstuga (The Castle Guard's Lodge) near the ruin was open already in 1893 to serve tourists. Apart from offering refreshments, it sells tickets to the castle and provides local information. A beautiful forest path, Kärleksstigen (Lovers’ Walk), leads from the castle ruins to the folk museum "SnappertunaForngård". Adult €5, children under 12 free.

2. Ekenas Nature Centre

The Ekenäs Nature Centre provides fascinating information on the changing nature of the Baltic Sea and western Uusimaa archipelago. The exhibition for children provides visitors with the opportunity to listen to underwater sounds, admire a fisherman's hut, search for invasive species in a dry aquarium and learn about life in wetlands. The cosy Nature Centre is housed in a building erected in the 1840s.

Following information is provided to subscribe the Ekenäs Nature Centre. Strandallén, ☏+358 20-564-4613, ✉tammisaari@metsa.fi. May 2 to August 31 daily 10:00–15:00, 10:00–18:00 or 10:00–19:00 in peek season (2016). Groups also off season.. Visitor centre for Ekenäs Archipelago National Park. Information on the Baltic Sea and western Uusimaa archipelago. Also activities for children. Free.

3.  Jussaro island

Jussaröisland in the Ekenäs Archipelago National Park, right at the edge of the open sea, has been a well-known harbour among seafarers for more than 700 years. Jussarömining island is a unique combination of the history of fishing, seafaring, defence and mining in the Gulf of Finland. The island was under the control of the Finnish Defence Forces for a long time, but in 2005 the island was transferred to Metsähallitus after which it has been open to the public.

Jussarö (Waterbus service from Baggö Marina, Baggövägen 1275), ☏+358 400-856-544. Jussarö was a mining city where iron ore was mined once. Between 1967-2005 the island was used by the Finnish Defence Forces. The island's services in season include guest marina services operated from Café Ön, a small shop of some sorts, rent-a-sauna, guided tours and since 2016 also lodging.

六、历史文化

In the Middle Ages, the Swedish Empire expanded its influence in the Uusimaa landscape on the south coast of what is now Finland. In the 13th century arable Swedish settlers settled in Uusimaa. Previously, the residents of the inland countryside of Häme and the Estonians from the opposite side of the Gulf of Finland had used the coastal area as hunting and fishing grounds, and there had hardly been any permanent settlement.

The six parishes of Bromarv, Ekenäs, Karis, Pohja, Snappertuna and Tenala were built in the area of today's city of Raseborg in the Middle Ages. In 1546, King Gustav I WasaEkenäs granted city rights. In the 20th century, there were several municipal mergers: The church village of Karis was dissolved in 1930 as an independent market town (kauppala) from the surrounding rural community of Karis. In 1969 the rural community was incorporated into the market town, in 1977 Karis was granted city rights. In 1977 the municipality of Bromarv was dissolved and for the most part the municipality of Tenala, and to a smaller part of the city of Hanko. In the same year, the municipality of Snappertuna and the rural community of Ekenäs were incorporated into the city of Ekenäs. In 1993 Tenala was incorporated into Ekenäs. In 2007, the cities of Ekenäs and Karis and the municipality of Pohja decided to merge to form the new city of Raseborg.

七、其他信息

The rich history of the municipality of Raseborg lives on in mills and smithies, castles, villages, museums, monuments and a vibrant cultural landscape. Let yourself be transported to another era as you visit a plethora of well-preserved historical environments and experience life as it was long ago. The municipality of Raseborg was named by a medieval castle with the same name, and there a plenty of other historical places to visit.Discover the popular artisan villages of Fiskars and Billnäs, stroll down the narrow alleys by wooden houses in Old town Ekenäs or find peace and quiet by the stately Svartå Manor.

八、联系方式

Government Town Manager：Ragnar Lundqvist

Official Website: https://www.raseborg.fi/

Phone number: 019-289 2000/ +358 19 2892000

Fax: 019-289 2111

Email: tourist.office@raseborg.fi

Address:PB 58

10611 Raseborg