一、所属省或是州，具体位置，人口，面积

Helsinki is the capital, primary and most populous city of Finland. Located on the shore of the Gulf of Finland, Helsinki is the seat of the region of Uusimaa in southern Finland. According to the Official Finnish Government documents and Finnish language newspapers, the name Helsinki hasbeen in use since 1819, when the Senate of Finland moved itself into the city from Turku, the former capital of Finland. Helsinki has a population of 650,058. （The population of Finland is 5.487 million）Finland has an urban population of 1,268,296, making Helsinki by far the most populous urban area in Finland as well as the country's most important center for politics, education, finance, culture, and research. Helsinki is located 80 kilometers (50 mi) north of Tallinn, Estonia, 400 km (250 mi) east of Stockholm, Sweden, and 300 km (190 mi) west of Saint Petersburg, Russia. It has close historical ties with these three cities.

二、自然地理

1.地理条件

Helsinki is geographically situated on the southern peninsula by the Gulf of Finland. The area is around 82.53 mi², facing Tallinn (Estonia) across the bay, and a number of islands, which are part of Helsinki, can be reached via boats and ferries.Together with the cities of Espoo, Vantaa, and Kauniainen, and surrounding commuter towns, Helsinki forms the Greater Helsinki metropolitan area, which has a population of nearly 1.5 million. Often considered to be Finland's only metropolis, it is the world's northernmost metro area with over one million people as well as the northernmost capital of an EU member state. After Stockholm and Oslo, Helsinki is the third largest municipality in the Nordic countries. Finnish and Swedish are both official languages. The city is served by the international Helsinki Airport, located in the neighboring city of Vantaa, with frequent service to many destinations in Europe and Asia.

Helsinki has one of the world's highest urban standards of living. In 2011, the British magazine Monocle ranked Helsinki the world's most liveable city in its liveable cities index. In the Economist Intelligence Unit's 2016 liveability survey, Helsinki was ranked ninth among 140 cities. Helsinki city is surrounded by nature, and is the only capital in the world where people can wake up in a good state, go to the Opera and go to the forest to pick mushrooms all during the same day. Even in the very heart of the city center. There are three arboretums, historic mansion parks, as well as dozens of other parks and wild nature areas.

2. 交通

Public transport in Helsinki consists of bus, tram, metro, local railway and ferry services. The system is managed by Helsinki Region Transport (Finnish: Helsinginseudunliikenne, or HSL) and covers Helsinki, Espoo, Kauniainen, Vantaa and the outlying Kerava, Kirkkonummi and Sipoo.

三、经济发展和规模

Helsinki is one of Europe's richest capitals. Contributing approximately a third of Finland's GDP, Helsinki profits on service-related IT and public sectors. Having moved from heavy industrial works, shipping companies also employ a substantial number of people. According to the chart below, Helsinki GDP in year 2018 reached 54,444 Euros per capita.

The Helsinki region plays a central role in the Finnish economy. The region produces nearly one-third of the nation’s gross domestic product. The region is also home to the leading concentration of innovation activities in Finland. Services represent a large share of the Helsinki region’s economy; for example, health care, social welfare and business services are the largest employers in Helsinki.The prolonged recession of the Finnish economy was reflected on economic trends in the Helsinki region, but since 2014 economic output has grown more strongly in the region than in the rest of the nation. Unemployment growth was halted in Helsinki at the end of 2016.

The projects of the programme term 2016–2018 under the theme of the economy and competitiveness focused on three areas: competitiveness and business activities; labor market, education and training; and municipal economy. In order to help and manage the economic development in Helsinki, the government of Helsinki Economic Development has the four units, including Innovations and New Experimentsunit, The Labour Force and Migrationunit, The New Enterprises unit, and The Enterprise Services unit. Those units combine together to help the city of Helsinki to balance and manage the economic problems and developments.

四、产业特点重点项目

Major Projects

Helsinki will be increasingly more developedthan the rest of Finland. Also, Helsinki becomes more international and diversified at a faster pace than the rest of the country. For example, housing forms and ideals, exercise and leisure habits and preferences are increasingly diverging. The spread of urban lifestyles influences residents’ values and attitudes and widens the mental gap apart from the rest of Finland. There is a growing need to increase mutual understanding and soften harmful tensions between various parts of Finland.

The city strives to raise public awareness of the special character of the country’s only metropolis. Success for Helsinki is in the interest of Finland as a whole. Helsinki seeks to find the kind of functional and sustainable cooperation with the State that compares with such cooperation in other European capitals. Aspects concerning growing city regions are relevant to other regions in Finland, too, and urban policy is vital for the wellbeing of the whole country. Helsinki consolidates its own interest in Finland, forwards the creation of a modern urban policy agenda, and ever more actively creates partnerships with the rest of the Helsinki Metropolitan Area and with other big cities in Finland.

Helsinki will strengthen its international activities with a special focus on digitalization and on combating climate change – two factors that are among the strongest global change factors and that unite all leading cities today, and thus make for high profile areas in international relations. City diplomacy is harnessed for business interests in Asia, particularly China. Helsinki prioritizes Beijing as a partner city and promotes the stopover concept together with the State and the tourist industry. The Twin City concept with Estonian capital Tallinn is continued, cooperation with the rest of Scandinavia is promoted and urban relations to Russian cities are strengthened.

五、历史文化

1.历史

Helsinki was established as a trading town by King Gustav I of Sweden in 1550 as the town of Helsingfors, which he intended to be a rival to the hanseatic city of Reval (today known as Tallinn).In order to populate his newly founded town, the King issued an order to resettle the bourgeoisie of Porvoo, Ekenäs, Rauma and Ulvila into the town. Little came of the plans as Helsinki remained a tiny town plagued by poverty, wars, and diseases. The plague of 1710 killed the greater part of the inhabitants of Helsinki. The construction of the naval fortress Sveaborg (in Finnish Viapori, today also Suomenlinna) in the 18th century helped improve Helsinki's status, but it was not until Russia defeated Sweden in the Finnish War and annexed Finland as the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland in 1809 that the town began to develop into a substantial city. Russians besieged the Sveaborg fortress during the war, and about one quarter of the town was destroyed in an 1808 fire.

2. 文化

Despite the tumultuous nature of Finnish history during the first half of the 20th century (including the Finnish Civil War and the Winter War which both left marks on the city), Helsinki continued its steady development. A landmark event was the 1952 Olympic Games, held in Helsinki. Finland's rapid urbanization in the 1970s, occurring late relative to the rest of Europe, tripled the population in the metropolitan area, and the Helsinki Metro subway system was built. The relatively sparse population density of Helsinki and its peculiar structure have often been attributed to the lateness of its growth.

六、风景名胜，景点

Helsinkidelights travellers with its sea-facing landscape, diverse architecture, world-famous design, and Nordic cuisine. Finland's capital is compact enough to explore on foot, and many reputable hotels are in the centre of the action.

1. Helsinki Cathedral

Helsinki Cathedral is the Finnish Evangelical Lutheran cathedral of the Diocese of Helsinki, located in the neighborhood of Kruununhaka in the centre of Helsinki, Finland. The church was originally built from 1830-1852 as a tribute to the Grand Duke of Finland, Tsar Nicholas I of Russia. It was also known as St Nicholas' Church until the independence of Finland in 1917. It is a major landmark of the city

2. Suomenlinna, or Sveaborg

Suomenlinna, or Sveaborg, is an inhabited sea fortress built on eight islands about 4 km southeast of the city center of Helsinki. Suomenlinna is a UNESCO World Heritage site that is popular with tourists and locals, who enjoy it as a picturesque picnic site.

3. Temppeliaukio Church

Temppeliaukio Church is a Lutheran church in the Töölö neighborhood of Helsinki. The church was designed by architects and brothers Timo and TuomoSuomalainen and opened in 1969. Built directly into solid rock, it is also known as the Church of the Rock and Rock Church.

4. The Senate Square

The Senate Square presents Carl Ludvig Engel's architecture as a unique allegory of political, religious, scientific and commercial powers in the centre of Helsinki. Senate Square and its surroundings make up the oldest part of central Helsinki. Landmarks and famous buildings surrounding the square are the Helsinki Cathedral, the Government Palace, main building of the University of Helsinki, and Sederholm House, the oldest building of central Helsinki dating from 1757.

5. The National Museum of Finland

The National Museum of Finland presents Finnish history from the Stone Age to the present day, through objects and cultural history. The Finnish National Romantic style building is located in central Helsinki and is a part of the Finnish Heritage Agency, under the Ministry of Culture and Education.

七、其他信息

Helsinki, Finland’s southern capital, sits on a peninsula in the Gulf of Finland. Its central avenue, Mannerheimintie, is flanked by institutions including the National Museum, tracing Finnish history from the Stone Age to the present. Also on Mannerheimintie are the imposing Parliament House and Kiasma, a contemporary art museum. Ornate red-brick Uspenski Cathedral overlooks a harbor.

八、联系方式 

Mayor of Helsinki Jan Vapaavuori

Tel. 09 310 36000 
      E-mail：jan.vapaavuori@hel.fi
AddressPohjoisesplanadi 11-13, P.O.Box 1, 00099 City of Helsinki
Secretary: JonnaSjögren,

Tel. 09 310 36001,

Email  jonna.sjogren (at) hel.fi

Senior Political Adviser: Hanna Laine,

Tel. 040 504 4406

E-mail: hanna.e.laine (at) hel.fi

Senior Political Adviser: MairaKettunen

Tel. 050 357 7197

E-mail maira.kettunen (at) hel.fi

Helsinki City Hall

Address: Pohjoisesplanadi 11-13, 00170 Helsinki, Finland

Phone: +358 9 3101691

Facebook: @visithelsink

Twitter: visithelsink

Instagram: visithelsink

Helsinki

一、所属省或是州，具体位置，人口，面积

Helsinki is the capital, primary and most populous city of Finland. Located on the shore of the Gulf of Finland, Helsinki is the seat of the region of Uusimaa in southern Finland. According to the Official Finnish Government documents and Finnish language newspapers, the name Helsinki hasbeen in use since 1819, when the Senate of Finland moved itself into the city from Turku, the former capital of Finland. Helsinki has a population of 650,058. （The population of Finland is 5.487 million）Finland has an urban population of 1,268,296, making Helsinki by far the most populous urban area in Finland as well as the country's most important center for politics, education, finance, culture, and research. Helsinki is located 80 kilometers (50 mi) north of Tallinn, Estonia, 400 km (250 mi) east of Stockholm, Sweden, and 300 km (190 mi) west of Saint Petersburg, Russia. It has close historical ties with these three cities.

二、自然地理

1.地理条件

Helsinki is geographically situated on the southern peninsula by the Gulf of Finland. The area is around 82.53 mi², facing Tallinn (Estonia) across the bay, and a number of islands, which are part of Helsinki, can be reached via boats and ferries.Together with the cities of Espoo, Vantaa, and Kauniainen, and surrounding commuter towns, Helsinki forms the Greater Helsinki metropolitan area, which has a population of nearly 1.5 million. Often considered to be Finland's only metropolis, it is the world's northernmost metro area with over one million people as well as the northernmost capital of an EU member state. After Stockholm and Oslo, Helsinki is the third largest municipality in the Nordic countries. Finnish and Swedish are both official languages. The city is served by the international Helsinki Airport, located in the neighboring city of Vantaa, with frequent service to many destinations in Europe and Asia.

Helsinki has one of the world's highest urban standards of living. In 2011, the British magazine Monocle ranked Helsinki the world's most liveable city in its liveable cities index. In the Economist Intelligence Unit's 2016 liveability survey, Helsinki was ranked ninth among 140 cities. Helsinki city is surrounded by nature, and is the only capital in the world where people can wake up in a good state, go to the Opera and go to the forest to pick mushrooms all during the same day. Even in the very heart of the city center. There are three arboretums, historic mansion parks, as well as dozens of other parks and wild nature areas.

2. 交通

Public transport in Helsinki consists of bus, tram, metro, local railway and ferry services. The system is managed by Helsinki Region Transport (Finnish: Helsinginseudunliikenne, or HSL) and covers Helsinki, Espoo, Kauniainen, Vantaa and the outlying Kerava, Kirkkonummi and Sipoo.

三、经济发展和规模(当地GDP等)

Helsinki is one of Europe's richest capitals. Contributing approximately a third of Finland's GDP, Helsinki profits on service-related IT and public sectors. Having moved from heavy industrial works, shipping companies also employ a substantial number of people. According to the chart below, Helsinki GDP in year 2018 reached 54,444 Euros per capita.

The Helsinki region plays a central role in the Finnish economy. The region produces nearly one-third of the nation’s gross domestic product. The region is also home to the leading concentration of innovation activities in Finland. Services represent a large share of the Helsinki region’s economy; for example, health care, social welfare and business services are the largest employers in Helsinki.The prolonged recession of the Finnish economy was reflected on economic trends in the Helsinki region, but since 2014 economic output has grown more strongly in the region than in the rest of the nation. Unemployment growth was halted in Helsinki at the end of 2016.

The projects of the programme term 2016–2018 under the theme of the economy and competitiveness focused on three areas: competitiveness and business activities; labor market, education and training; and municipal economy. In order to help and manage the economic development in Helsinki, the government of Helsinki Economic Development has the four units, including Innovations and New Experimentsunit, The Labour Force and Migrationunit, The New Enterprises unit, and The Enterprise Services unit. Those units combine together to help the city of Helsinki to balance and manage the economic problems and developments.

四、产业特点重点项目

Major Projects

Helsinki will be increasingly more developedthan the rest of Finland. Also, Helsinki becomes more international and diversified at a faster pace than the rest of the country. For example, housing forms and ideals, exercise and leisure habits and preferences are increasingly diverging. The spread of urban lifestyles influences residents’ values and attitudes and widens the mental gap apart from the rest of Finland. There is a growing need to increase mutual understanding and soften harmful tensions between various parts of Finland.

The city strives to raise public awareness of the special character of the country’s only metropolis. Success for Helsinki is in the interest of Finland as a whole. Helsinki seeks to find the kind of functional and sustainable cooperation with the State that compares with such cooperation in other European capitals. Aspects concerning growing city regions are relevant to other regions in Finland, too, and urban policy is vital for the wellbeing of the whole country. Helsinki consolidates its own interest in Finland, forwards the creation of a modern urban policy agenda, and ever more actively creates partnerships with the rest of the Helsinki Metropolitan Area and with other big cities in Finland.

Helsinki will strengthen its international activities with a special focus on digitalization and on combating climate change – two factors that are among the strongest global change factors and that unite all leading cities today, and thus make for high profile areas in international relations. City diplomacy is harnessed for business interests in Asia, particularly China. Helsinki prioritizes Beijing as a partner city and promotes the stopover concept together with the State and the tourist industry. The Twin City concept with Estonian capital Tallinn is continued, cooperation with the rest of Scandinavia is promoted and urban relations to Russian cities are strengthened.

There are two example projects during these days to develop the economic growth of Helsinki. First, Helsinki held Olympics games. The Helsinki city was the World Design Capital for 2012, the venue for the 1952 Summer Olympics, and the host of the 52nd Eurovision Song Contest in 2007.

Second, Last year (2019), one of the main project in Helsinki is Tripla: an environmentally friendly development for Helsinki. Tripla is a construction project in Helsinki’s Pasila district, to be completed in phases between 2019 and 2021. It will have Finland's largest shopping centre, offices, apartments and a new railway station. Tripla will create enough renewable energy to cover nearly all of its needs and will be fitted with recycling, water processing and waste processing systems. In planning, emphasis is placed on environmental impact, and ‘nearly zero-energy’ principles are followed during building. This means that the complex will create enough energy to meet almost all of its needs. Tripla includes shopping, parking, office and residential facilities, a new railway station and a public transport centre, all on the same site.“Tripla wants to challenge the centre of Helsinki and serve as an urban meeting place. It will give Helsinki a new pulse, since over half a million inhabitants can reach it in 10 minutes. Additionally, every train in the Helsinki metropolitan area stops at the railway station,” said Tapio Salo, project leader at construction company YIT.

五、历史文化

1.历史

Helsinki was established as a trading town by King Gustav I of Sweden in 1550 as the town of Helsingfors, which he intended to be a rival to the hanseatic city of Reval (today known as Tallinn).In order to populate his newly founded town, the King issued an order to resettle the bourgeoisie of Porvoo, Ekenäs, Rauma and Ulvila into the town. Little came of the plans as Helsinki remained a tiny town plagued by poverty, wars, and diseases. The plague of 1710 killed the greater part of the inhabitants of Helsinki. The construction of the naval fortress Sveaborg (in Finnish Viapori, today also Suomenlinna) in the 18th century helped improve Helsinki's status, but it was not until Russia defeated Sweden in the Finnish War and annexed Finland as the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland in 1809 that the town began to develop into a substantial city. Russians besieged the Sveaborg fortress during the war, and about one quarter of the town was destroyed in an 1808 fire.

2. 文化

Despite the tumultuous nature of Finnish history during the first half of the 20th century (including the Finnish Civil War and the Winter War which both left marks on the city), Helsinki continued its steady development. A landmark event was the 1952 Olympic Games, held in Helsinki. Finland's rapid urbanization in the 1970s, occurring late relative to the rest of Europe, tripled the population in the metropolitan area, and the Helsinki Metro subway system was built. The relatively sparse population density of Helsinki and its peculiar structure have often been attributed to the lateness of its growth.

六、风景名胜，景点( attractions)

Helsinkidelights travellers with its sea-facing landscape, diverse architecture, world-famous design, and Nordic cuisine. Finland's capital is compact enough to explore on foot, and many reputable hotels are in the centre of the action.

1. Helsinki Cathedral

Helsinki Cathedral is the Finnish Evangelical Lutheran cathedral of the Diocese of Helsinki, located in the neighborhood of Kruununhaka in the centre of Helsinki, Finland. The church was originally built from 1830-1852 as a tribute to the Grand Duke of Finland, Tsar Nicholas I of Russia. It was also known as St Nicholas' Church until the independence of Finland in 1917. It is a major landmark of the city

2. Suomenlinna, or Sveaborg

Suomenlinna, or Sveaborg, is an inhabited sea fortress built on eight islands about 4 km southeast of the city center of Helsinki. Suomenlinna is a UNESCO World Heritage site that is popular with tourists and locals, who enjoy it as a picturesque picnic site.

3. Temppeliaukio Church

Temppeliaukio Church is a Lutheran church in the Töölö neighborhood of Helsinki. The church was designed by architects and brothers Timo and TuomoSuomalainen and opened in 1969. Built directly into solid rock, it is also known as the Church of the Rock and Rock Church.

4. The Senate Square

The Senate Square presents Carl Ludvig Engel's architecture as a unique allegory of political, religious, scientific and commercial powers in the centre of Helsinki. Senate Square and its surroundings make up the oldest part of central Helsinki. Landmarks and famous buildings surrounding the square are the Helsinki Cathedral, the Government Palace, main building of the University of Helsinki, and Sederholm House, the oldest building of central Helsinki dating from 1757.

5. The National Museum of Finland

The National Museum of Finland presents Finnish history from the Stone Age to the present day, through objects and cultural history. The Finnish National Romantic style building is located in central Helsinki and is a part of the Finnish Heritage Agency, under the Ministry of Culture and Education.

七、其他信息

Helsinki, Finland’s southern capital, sits on a peninsula in the Gulf of Finland. Its central avenue, Mannerheimintie, is flanked by institutions including the National Museum, tracing Finnish history from the Stone Age to the present. Also on Mannerheimintie are the imposing Parliament House and Kiasma, a contemporary art museum. Ornate red-brick Uspenski Cathedral overlooks a harbor.

八、联系方式 

Mayor of Helsinki Jan Vapaavuori

Tel. 09 310 36000 
E-mail：jan.vapaavuori@hel.fi
AddressPohjoisesplanadi 11-13, P.O.Box 1, 00099 City of Helsinki

Secretary: JonnaSjögren,

Tel. 09 310 36001,

Email  jonna.sjogren (at) hel.fi

Senior Political Adviser: Hanna Laine,

Tel. 040 504 4406

E-mail: hanna.e.laine (at) hel.fi

Senior Political Adviser: MairaKettunen

Tel. 050 357 7197

E-mail maira.kettunen (at) hel.fi

Helsinki City Hall

Address: Pohjoisesplanadi 11-13, 00170 Helsinki, Finland

Phone: +358 9 3101691

Facebook: @visithelsink

Twitter: visithelsink

Instagram: visithelsink