Pont Aven 作者： 来源： 发布时间：2021-09-27
I.Population and Area
Region: Bretagne
Department: Finistère
Code Insee : 29217
Code postal : 29930
Total Area: 28.63km²
Population in 2017: 2 801
Population Density: 98 /km²
Details: The altitude of the city hall of Pont-Aven is approximately 22 meters. Its surface area is 28.63 km². The latitude and longitude of Villages are 47.854 degrees North and 3.744 degrees West. The towns and villages near Pont-Aven are: Riec-sur-Belon (29340) at 4.01 km, Névez (29920) at 5.20 km, Trégunc (29910) at 7.85 km, Melgven (29140) at 8.91 km, Le Trévoux ( 29380) at 9.08 km.
Histogram of demographic change
Sources :http://www.cartesfrance.fr/carte-france-ville/29217_Pont-Aven.html
II.Natural Geography
Geographical environment: The Aven River runs through Pont-Aven. The river has relatively favourable water quality, with pH levels slightly alkaline at about 8.5 and electrical conductivity of 19 micro Siemens per centimeter. The town is at the interface of the tidal estuary and the freshwater river.
Climat: The Pont-Aven lies on 42m above sea level The climate is warm and temperate in Pont-Aven. The rainfall in Pont-Aven is significant, with precipitation even during the driest month. According to Köppen and Geiger, this climate is classified as Cfb. The average temperature in Pont-Aven is 11.5 °C | 52.6 °F. In a year, the rainfall is 993 mm | 39.1 inch. The driest month is July, with 45 mm | 1.8 inch of rainfall. In December, the precipitation reaches its peak, with an average of 127 mm | 5.0 inch. The warmest month of the year is August, with an average temperature of 16.9 °C | 62.4 °F. At 6.2 °C | 43.2 °F on average, January is the coldest month of the year.
Gastronomy: The town of Pont-Aven is known for the “galettes de Pont-Aven”, marketed under the Breton name Traou-Mad. Pont-Aven pancakes are an emblematic product of Brittany, just like the "Hénaff" pâté or Plougastel strawberries. It was the baker Isidore Penven who, around 1890, accidentally invented the recipe for Pont-Aven pancakes.
Transport:
(1)Airport: Closest airport to Pont-Aven is Lorient South Brittany Airport (LRT). Distance from Lorient South Brittany Airport to Pont-Aven is 15.7 miles / 25.2 kilometers. Lorient South Brittany Airport is located approximately 1.9 miles / 3.1 kilometers north of Ploemeur and about 3.5 miles / 5.6 kilometers west of Lorient. IATA airport code is LRT.
(2)Train: The closest station I know of is Rosporden station which is about 16 km away from Pont Aven. Usually you can take the TGV to Rennes or Quimper and change to a local (TER) train. Then take a taxi from Rosporden. From Rosporden to Pont Aven, you can take bus line 47. You can buy the ticket at the bus station which lucky for you in Quimper is the same place as the train station.
Sources :https://en.climate-data.org/europe/france/upper-normandy/etretat-727245/
https://www.european-traveler.com/france/normandy/transportation-etretat-normandy/
https://community.ricksteves.com/travel-forum/general-europe/how-to-get-to-pont-aven-in-france
III.Economy
Pont Aven Accounting income in 2018 was 71 020 €, or 25 € per inhabitants.
Self-financing capacity in 2018 was 99 780 €, or 35 € per inhabitants.
Income: According to Insee, in 2015, the inhabitants of Pont Aven earn on average € 2 165 net per month, or €25 980 net per year.
Unemployment rate: In 2016, its unemployment rate was 13.1%, which was much higher than the French average of 11%.
Companies: In 2017, the total number of companies in Pont Aven was 223, and there were 26 new companies.
Evolution of average monthly net wages
Sources : http://www.journaldunet.com/management/ville/pont-aven/ville-29217
http://www.journaldunet.com/management/ville/pont-aven/ville-29217/budget
http://www.journaldunet.com/business/salaire/pont-aven/ville-29217
http://www.journaldunet.com/management/ville/pont-aven/ville-29217/entreprises
IV.Industrial Characterisitics
For several hundred years Pont-Aven was a quiet port town with an industry based around its watermills and port, then towards the end of the 19th century it also gained a reputation as an art town. A significant number of artists are still attracted here, with the town referred to by the local tourist authorities as a 'city of artists'.
The village of Pont-Aven is a small commune recognized for its striking beauty, Breton traditions and for having served as a haven for legendary artists, most notably the post-impressionist, Paul Gauguin. Just as stunning today as it was when it attracted some of the biggest names in French painting, it merits a visit to explore its picturesque streets and art community that continues to flourish.
Sources: https://theculturetrip.com/europe/france/articles/the-best-things-to-do-in-pont-aven-france/
https://www.francethisway.com/places/pont-aven.php
V.Attractions
1.Musée des Beaux-Arts de Pont-Aven
The Musée des Beaux Arts de Pont-Aven also known as Museum of Pont-Aven was created in 1985 with the support of the French Museum Department and the Finistère Conseil Général. The modern wing built in 1985 is reserved for exhibitions and the old wing, which was renovated in 1987, houses a historical reconstruction of Pont-Aven at the end of the 19th century as well as the permanent collection dedicated to the Pont-Aven School.
In August 1939, the first renewed interest in the city’s artistic past emerged. The mayor of Pont-Aven inaugurates a commemorative plaque attached to the former Gloanec pension recalling the stay of many artists. Along with this gesture, the salons of the Hotel Julia are hosting an exhibition dedicated to Paul Gauguin and the Pont-Aven group. In 1953, the fiftieth anniversary of Paul Gauguin's death, a retrospective was organized, the highlight of which was the exceptional loan of La Belle Angèle, a painting then kept in Paris at the Louvre. Jean-Jacques Manrot-Le Goarnig was for a time curator of the Paul-Gauguin museum in Pont-Aven. Created in 1960, the Association des Amis de Gauguin is chaired by Maurice Malingue. Its ambition is to organize one exhibition per year in order to promote the Pont-Aven School. In 1961, the Pont-Aven Painting Society, chaired by Bertrand Queinec, replaced the previous association. It was renamed the Association of Friends of the Pont-Aven Museum. The museum project really took shape with the start of construction and development work on the establishment in the fall of 1984. The Pont-Aven Museum of Fine Arts was inaugurated on June 29, 1985.
In 2010 the exhibition of the 25 years of the museum is held. In 2012, following the choice of the architectural firm L’Atelier de l'Ile on May 19, 2011, work on the new museum began in 2013, with the museum having closed its doors on the evening of September 15, 2012. The museum reopened after work on March 26, 2016. The exhibition area was then doubled, going from 850 to 1,700 m2. The ground floor, apart from the traditional infrastructures (reception, cash desks, shops, etc.) has an important resource center at the Pont-Aven school. On the first floor, the Julia room is named in honor of Julia Guillou (1848-1927), who built this hotel between 1881 and 1900, which later became this museum. This is the dining room of the old hotel, the woodwork of which has been preserved and restored, to which three 21st century lights by Matali Crasset have been added. This room serves as a reception room, conference or concert venue. The second floor is devoted to temporary exhibitions. The third level presents the permanent exhibitions on the artists' inns, chronology, Paul Gauguin, the founders of the Pont-Aven school, Japonism, the Nabis and Pont-Aven after Gauguin.
A terraced interior garden is visible from the luminous glass hall which serves the museum levels, with plants referring to the works of the Pont-Aven school (gorse, heather, etc.). An annex is integrated for the museum's reserves8.
Today, the Pont-Aven Museum of Fine Arts aims to promote the work of artists inspired by Brittany and more particularly by Pont-Aven, from the 1860s to the 1970s, to develop a work science concerning this chronological period and to open up to contemporary creation.
On December 9, 2016, the Musée d'Orsay in Paris signed a partnership with the Musée de Pont-Aven. This sponsorship aims to build a scientific partnership and more easily obtain loans from the museum. Three other museums in France are partners of the Musée d'Orsay.
2.Chapelle de Trémalo
The chapel of Trémalo dates back to the XVIth century. It is a private property but remains open to visitors all year long. It has been a source of inspiration for many international artists and is known all over the world for sheltering the wooden polychrome Christ which inspired Gauguin for his “Yellow Christ”.
The chapel of Trémalo, property of the family de la Villemarqué: The chapel is located on the heights of Pont-Aven and dates back to the XVIth century (end of the Gothic style). It belongs to the family Villemarqué of Cornouaille. The owners keep the chapel open every day to visitors from 10am to 5pm from October to June and from 10am to 6pm from July to September. They also take care of the maintenance and the restoration of the building. An exhibition of copies called “Gauguin or the wounded smuggler” is on display inside.
Chapelle de Trémalo is the most famous breton chapel in the world. In 1982 was held an exhibition in the USA which gathered the best american painters who had stayed in Brittany and Normandie between 1860 and 1910. On the brochure of the exhibition you could see a painting from 1897 by Childe Hassam showing the chapel. This is how Trémalo became internationally famous! Since then, the reputation of the chapel keeps on growing!
Why such an interest from artists?: The proper church of Pont-Aven is pretty recent (1875) and the artists were looking for old stones. The chapel of Trémalo, located at only 1.2 km of the city centre and presenting such a caracteristic architecture was therefore particularly interesting for them. On the west gable and above the door, stands a sculpture representing an angel holding a scallop to indicate that the founders had accomplished the pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela. The scallop presents the coat of arms of the lord of Plessis Nizon. The date of creation of the chapel (1532) is engraved on the south gable as well as the weapons of the founders: a lion holding an insignia between its paws.
The inside of the Chapel: The figurines adorning the wall plates were very much admired by the artists and they are said to represent the Seven Deadly Sins, although there is no certitude about it. These figurines were sculpted to suit the whims and fancies of the carpenter, and anyone could find its own interpretation. Some of them are mocking such as for the rabbit playing trumpet on a dog’s back.
Address: Tremalo, 29930 Pont-Aven,France
Source: https://www.bretagne-cornouaille-ocean.com/en/explore/heritage/chapel-tremalo/
3.Bois d'Amour
The Bois d’Amour, or “Wood of Love” is located on the heights of Pont-Aven. This lovely walk among the trees and along the river used to be a hotspot of inspiration for the artists staying in Pont-Aven. Nowadays, this out of time place offers a nice walk in the nature, right by the city center. Bordering the river Aven, this romantic groove is located right by the city center and is one of the loveliest places of Pont-Aven. It is a private property which belongs to the Villemarqué family.
From the city center (rue du Général de Gaulle) a small path going along of the river bank will get you to the woods. From the Xavier Grall Promenade (at the corner of the Biscuiterie Penven), the walk follows the rue du Bois d’Amour to reach this adorable undergrowth, famous for having been a source of inspiration for many artists.
The Bois d’Amour, choosen many times as a subject by artists takes an important place in the history of painting in Pont-Aven. The “Talisman” is the result of Paul Gauguin’s famous “lesson” to Paul Sérusier, a part that took place at the heart of the woods and has marked its history for ever.
The Bois d’Amour, where all the painters from the Pont-Aven community liked to come, seduced by the stillness of the place, the beauty of these venerables trees, the richness of the reflexions constantly disturbed by the flow of the river colliding with the granitic rocks, and the clouds sweping and shading the light according to the wind.
Address: Avenue Damilaville, 76790 Étretat, France
Source: https://www.bretagne-cornouaille-ocean.com/en/inspiration/nature/bois-damour/
VI.History
By 1886, the village of Pont-Aven in Brittany was the centre of a vibrant international artists’ colony, which attracted painters from all over Europe and North America. Although many of them became well-known in their day, few were destined to be ranked among the most important painters of the century. That changed in 1886, when Paul Gauguin first visited the village.
Paul Gauguin (1848–1903) had been a stockbroker by trade and an amateur artist until the Paris markets crashed in 1882, which drove him to try to earn his living from his art. He had spent time with his wife and five children in Copenhagen, returning to Paris in 1885. To make ends meet during the winter of 1885-86, he had worked in various menial jobs, and was struggling to paint much. He exhibited at the eighth and final Impressionist Exhibition in Paris in May 1886, then spent the summer in Pont-Aven, where he could live more cheaply than in the capital. He got on well there, both with the other artists and in his art. He made some pastel drawings of figures, and landscape paintings. Among Gauguin’s new friends there was Charles Laval, who accompanied him in a visit to Panama and Martinique the following year. Later in the summer of 1886, Émile Bernard arrived for his first visit to Pont-Aven, and met Gauguin.
Sources: https://eclecticlight.co/2017/11/05/pont-aven-artists-colony-a-brief-history-2-gauguin-and-bernard/
VII.Other information
This small discreet village also nicknamed "city of painters" is located on the banks of the Aven, a river emerging in the Black Mountains. It was the haven of Paul Gauguin in the middle of the 19th century. Today it is filled with various art galleries. You can visit the 16th century Trémalo Chapel and the Pont Aven museum, dedicated to its famous school, constituted by Gauguin and his friends, painters such as Emile Bernard or Maurice Denis. Some mills are still visible there and give all its charm to the village. Pont Aven is the ideal place for pleasant walks. You will have the opportunity to walk along the banks of the Aven to the pretty marina or take the Xavier-Grall promenade. From this path, you can also access the Bois d'Amour where Gauguin and his friends used to meet.
Pont Aven was gained one @ in the label of Internet twon (ville internet).
Sources : http://www.journaldunet.com/management/ville/pont-aven/ville-29217
VIII.Contact information
Address of Pont Aven town hall:
Mairie de Pont-Aven
29, rue Louis-Lomenech
29930 Pont-Aven
Phone number: 02 98 06 00 35
Fax: 02 98 06 01 26
Email: mairie@pont-aven.fr
Website: http://www.pontaven.com
Mayor : Jean-Marie Lebret (Mandate : 2014-2020)
Sources : http://www.cartesfrance.fr/carte-france-ville/29217_Pont-Aven.html#mairie