Lussac, Gironde, Nouvelle-Aquitaine 作者： 来源： 发布时间：2021-09-25
I.Population and Area
Total Area: 23.43 km2
Population in 2017: 1 261
Population Density: 54 /km2
Histogram of demographic change
II.Natural Geography (environment and resources)
Lussac is a town in southwestern France, located in the Gironde department, in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region.
Municipality located in the vineyards of Lussac-Saint-Émilion.
The neighboring municipalities are Saint-Médard-de-Guizières to the north-north-east, Petit-Palais-et-Cornemps to the north-east, Tayac to the east, Puisseguin to the south-east, Montagne to the south-west, Les Artigues-de-Lussac to the west-north-west, and Abzac to the north-north-west.
Situation in relation to:
1)Bordeaux - 49 kms including 34 on the expressway
2)Libourne - 15 kms
3)Saint Emilion - 9kms
4)Arcachon - 116 kms including 104 on expressway
5)Saint Lary - 376 kms including 346 on the expressway
Sources : https://lussac-gironde.fr/presentation-de-la-commune/
III.Economy
Employment rate (%): 78.9 (2017)
Average employment income (€):1 885 net per month (22 620 net per year)（2018）
Evolution of average monthly net wages
Sources : http://www.journaldunet.com/business/salaire/lussac/ville-33261
https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/2011101?geo=COM-33261
IV.Industrial Characterisitics
The town has an almost exclusively agricultural economic activity oriented towards viticulture and produces AOC Saint-Emilion wines.
VIGNOBLES JL SYLVAIN
VIGNOBLES JL SYLVAIN, a limited liability company, has been active for 23 years.
Established in LUSSAC (33570), it is specialized in the activity sector of the cultivation of the vine. Its workforce is between 3 and 5 employees.
In 2017 it achieved a turnover of € 498,500.00.
The balance sheet total decreased by 8.83% between 2016 and 2017.
Societe.com lists 1 establishment and the last notable event of this company dates from 03-28-2018.
Claire SYLVAIN, is manager of the company VIGNOBLES JL SYLVAIN.
SARL MUNCK - LUSSAC
SARL MUNCK - LUSSAC, a limited liability company, has been in business for 18 years.
Based in LUSSAC (33570), it is specialized in the activity sector of the cultivation of the vine. Its workforce is between 3 and 5 employees.
In 2018 it achieved a turnover of € 241,600.00.
The balance sheet total decreased by 13.91% between 2017 and 2018.
Societe.com lists 1 establishment and the last notable event of this company dates from 10-15-2014.
Denis MUNCK, is manager of SARL MUNCK - LUSSAC.
SARL VIGNOBLES JEAN PIERRE RIVIERE
SARL VIGNOBLES JEAN PIERRE RIVIERE, a limited liability company, has been active for 22 years.
Established in LUSSAC (33570), it is specialized in the activity sector of the cultivation of the vine. Its workforce is between 6 and 9 employees.
In 2014, it achieved a turnover of € 1,209,400.00.
The balance sheet total decreased by 8.42% between 2013 and 2014.
Societe.com lists 1 establishment and the last notable event of this company dates from 05-08-2004.
Jean-Pierre RIVIERE, is manager of the company SARL VIGNOBLES JEAN PIERRE RIVIERE.
VIGNOBLES ROI
VIGNOBLES ROI, a simplified joint-stock company, has been in business for 28 years.
Located in LUSSAC (33570), it is specialized in the activity sector of the cultivation of the vine. Its workforce is between 1 and 2 employees.
Societe.com has listed 1 establishment and 1 notable event in the past year.
Jean ROI, is president of the company VIGNOBLES ROI.
Sources:https://www.societe.com/societe/vignobles-jl-sylvain-412671323.html
https://www.societe.com/societe/sarl-munck-lussac-440520781.html
https://www.societe.com/societe/sarl-vignobles-jean-pierre-riviere-420205726.html
https://www.societe.com/societe/vignobles-roi-388628802.html
V.Attractions
1.Picampeau stone
Dominating the village of Lussac, the hillock of Picampeau offers an admirable view over part of the Lussac vineyard, which lazily rests on the stormy ocean of greenery formed by hills and valleys. Scattered throughout this setting, woods and groves give strength and relief to a landscape that already has plenty.
But the peculiarity of the picampeau mound lies in the presence in these places of a mysterious megalith which, between oaks and brushwood, is hidden there.
Picampeau stone, or the stone of the martyrs, or the basin or sink stone, its name differs according to scientific interpretations and sensitivities.
Portrait of the enigmatic megalith:
Picampeau stone is an enormous block of limestone 6 meters long and 4 meters wide. In its middle and on the inclined face is a kind of trough in the shape of an elongated trapezoid. From the small base starts a channel that communicates with the basin through a circular hole and goes down to the end of the stone. At the ends of the table there are 2 cubic holes of 15 to 20 centimeters and in the lower part 2 semi-spherical holes.
2.Villa Luccius
The remains of the Villa of Luccius (4th century)
The estate founded by Gallo-Roman Luccius determined the first limits of the village of Lussac.
3.CROIX in LUSSAC
On the Municipality of LUSSAC, one can admire buildings testifying to the historical past of the region. The church, the castle of Lussac, the castle "La Tour Ségur", are the most remarkable heritage elements. Beyond the substantial residences, the Carthusians, and the water mills, there is also a "small heritage" of remains to be noted: megalith, windmills, tower, fountains, washhouses, wells, stone crosses ... and also caves and underground quarries .
The origin of the "Crosses" dates back to the Middle Ages. They were placed at a certain distance from the capital (generally less than a kilometer) on the access roads and crossroads. They marked the limits of the protected territorial perimeter, at the time of the "rescues" and of the seigniorial and monastic truce. Within this perimeter, the "tithe" (tax of 1/10 °) was levied on all products, foodstuffs, and merchandise ... The "parish" of Lussac lived under the authority of the Cistercian Abbey of " Faise ”, founded in 1137, located on its territory, which explains the number of surrounding crosses. Let us recall that the residence of the commendatory Abbots of Faise was at "La Tour-Ségur". Place where lived in particular famous personalities, such: Joseph and Charles Louis de Secondat de Montesquieu (uncle and brother of the illustrious writer), then Godefroy de Guyonnet de Montbalen, whose arms with three partridges appear on the coat of arms of Lussac .
These “Crosses”, witnesses of the religious fervor of past centuries, are also called “Calvaries”, in memory of “Golgotha”, the place of Jesus' crucifixion in Jerusalem. With us, they are simplified, and do not include the characters and ornamentation of the Calvaries of certain regions, in particular Brittany.
It was customary for the "Jacquets" (pilgrims to St Jacques de Compostela) to stop there, to pray and make a wish. Passers-by, who did not stop, crossed each other (sign of the cross) or said a short prayer (ejaculatory prayer).
These territorial limits can be found outside the Bourg de Lussac, and the location of the "cross dîmiaires", at the "Adams" (towards Montagne), at "Blanchon" (towards Puisseguin), at "Péroli" (towards Coutras )… The name of this last crossroads would come from “pillory”, because of a “gallows” which was there. Place of execution of sentences (cross of justice), it is from the patibular fork (gallows) that the brigands who attacked the "shell" pilgrims and travelers were hung ...
In addition to the aforementioned “dîmiaire” Crosses, restored over the centuries, we also see at the “Lyonnat”, a magnificent “hosanna” Cross (from the Hebrew word “hosanna” = praise) comprising an imposing curved base from the 16th century, with slender bole, and crafted arms. The Cross of "Gonnat", more sober, not far from the previous one could be a Cross
"Prayer" where the pilgrims deposited their prayer intentions. It is the same for the Cross of "Chouteau" close to the other two.
These Crosses also marked tenements (land or "mayne" held for a fee) of the Abbots of "Faise" and neighboring lords.
Despite the successive ravages and destruction of the Hundred Years War, the wars of religion, the slingshot, and the revolution… these Crosses have been maintained and restored.
The name "Cross of Mission", commonly given to crossroads, is often misused. It only applies to Crosses built on the occasion of a "Mission" organized in the parish. Such is the case of the Cross of “Normand” (which may have replaced an old “Dîmiaire” Cross). The "Missions" were organized in parishes by the clergy, in the post-revolutionary period, in the 19th and 20th centuries, and until the 1950s, with the aim of rekindling the faith of Christians. They were preached and animated by religious (Dominicans, Franciscans, or others…), generally lasting two weeks, and constituted a strong moment of spirituality. The program was dense: daily masses, vespers and sung ceremonies, adoration of the Blessed Sacrament, prayers of repentance, sermons, processions, distribution of pious objects, collection to restore or erect a monument… We can still see, in the village of Lussac , on the lintel of the doors of some houses, a small rusty metal cross, with a medallion of the sacred heart, affixed during a last “Mission”.
The Crosses were also places of processions, during the “Corpus Christi” or “Rogations” events, for the blessing of cultures. The monstrance, candles and flowers were placed on the steps of the stone plinth forming an altar.
It should be noted that Lussac does not have a monumental “Cemetery Cross” (apart from grave crosses). This can be explained by the transfer dating from 1824: the old cemetery was spread out in front of the church in the current square, and perhaps the old cross was broken during this move.
4.the church of Lussac
Despite the appearance of its bell tower, and contrary to certain sayings and writings ... the Church of LUSSAC, near Saint-Émilion, Department of the Gironde, is not a 19th century building, except for the nave and the current bell tower.
DESCRIPTION and VISIT
Visitors to the Lussac church can appreciate the architectural ensemble of the building, by finding the different eras of its construction, by taking an exterior tour, then entering the premises.
Externally, one notices on each side of the chevet, the Romanesque buttresses of the 12th century, one on each side. Taking a step back, one sees above the roofs of the sacristy, two walled windows, facing east, one at the end of each aisle. They date from the 15th century, and are in the Flamboyant Gothic style, with sculpted stone mullions of genuine beauty, but degraded by time.
At the northwest corner of the church, two projecting corbels remain, at the height of the roof, vestiges of the fortified part of the 15th century.
Inside, entering through the wooden airlock and its side doors, one immediately notices the two imposing fonts in beautiful patinated stone, on the left and on the right, of different style and shape. The one on the right, square in shape, bears an inscription in coarsely engraved Cyrillic capital letters, which read "Vini? Vidi ”(“ Come and see ”), and rests on a cylindrical column shaft.
The one on the left, oval in shape, rests on an ornate Gothic column shaft.
The central ogival nave of the XIX ° century appears luminous and balanced.
On each side of this nave, we see the imposing 15th century pillars, supporting the thrust of the vaults.
You have to go towards the side aisles or aisles of the 15th century, and look up. The vaults are the happiest effect. Be sure to admire the lowered pointed archs. The crossed ribs are pointed in the nave, and semicircular in the aisles.
The keystones, which bore medallions with the Arms of the Lords of Faise, statuettes of religious and other sculptures, were mutilated in 1793.
At the birth of the ribs of the vaults, there are figurines of fine workmanship.
Note in particular the eastern vault of the south aisle, in the shape of a star, with liernes and tiercerons, comprising a keystone representing a coat of arms with episcopal symbols.
The eastern vault of the north aisle is also interesting: the raven, forming the origin of the south-east corner rib, has a significant sculpture of the allegory of the vine, representing a figure holding a vine and grapes. We can think that it is about St-Vincent, patron saint of winegrowers, or St-Urbain, pope, thus represented.
A figure is carved on the keystone (recent restoration). The vaults of the other bays are also worth admiring. At the back of the church, the births of the ribs are also carved, but they were damaged by the pikes of the revolutionaries in 1793.
The 19th century choir is surrounded by ornate neo-Gothic woodwork.
The high altar, in white marble, of great beauty, at the end of the apse, is raised by three black marble steps with white veins. The table, the tabernacle, its steeple, and its sides forming a low altarpiece, of beautiful white marble carved with gilding, harmonize perfectly with the ribs. The base has five golden sculptures representing Christ seated in the center and the four evangelists, Mathieu, Mark, Luke and John, similarly seated, two on each side, and separated by small columns.
The murals represent four episodes from the life of St-Pierre, patron saint of the church. We see the scene of denial as the rooster crows three times, the release of the bonds during his imprisonment, the apostle affirming his faith in Jesus on the shores of Lake Tiberias after fishing with Andrew, James and John, and the apostle evangelizing in the square of the temple and healing the paralytic ...
The stained-glass windows represent, with whorls and geometric patterns, the Good Shepherd, in the center, then St-Pierre and St-Paul on each side.
Two statues of the Sacred Heart and of St-Joseph are also on each of the side walls of the choir.
The pulpit is in carved wood.
In the side naves, the altars are in carved wood, adorned with beautifully crafted neo-Gothic paneling and woodwork, with matching wooden chandeliers. The one on the right, dedicated to Mary, is surmounted by a painting representing the Assumption, and flanked by two statues of the Virgin.
The one on the left is dedicated to St. Michael, and surmounted by a painting representing the archangel slaying the dragon. They both kept their holy table in cast iron and adorned with gilding, forming an entourage.
Some statues represent, on the north wall: Ste-Thérèse, St-Antoine-de-Padoue, Ste-Jeanne d'Arc, and on the south wall: Our Lady of Lourdes, Mary and the baby Jesus, Ste-Bernadette . Two frame paintings depict the vision of St-Bernard-de-Clairvaux (founding monk of Cistercian abbeys), and the other the icon of Our Lady of Perpetual Help. The 14 stations of the Stations of the Cross in alabaster are distributed over the side walls.
The wooden confessional is at the end of the right nave.
The baptismal font, at the end of the left nave, has an octagonal basin in veined white marble, on a column, surrounded by a wrought iron gate.
It should be noted, with the brightness of the place, varying according to the time of day, the good quality of the acoustics of the church.
In addition, extending the visit to the religious heritage in the countryside surrounding Lussac, at the crossroads, we can notice a good number of Crosses or Calvaries, vestiges of the fervor of past centuries. These heritage elements, relatively distant from the Bourg, on the roads, near crossroads, also marked in the Middle Ages the territorial limit of the village, and the perimeter within which was perceived the tithe of the parish (cross dîmiaires) : Such are the “Croix de Blanchon” (towards Puisseguin) and the “Croix des Adams” (towards Montagne). The "Croix de Péroli" (towards Coutras and Les Artigues) would be built in a place where there would have been a gallows or a gallows (pillory). The more recent “Cross of Normand” (towards St-Médard) is a cross of mission ”. The "Croix de Gonnat", (in the hamlet of the same name), further from the chief town, marks a particular place, it is perhaps the site of a "cross of prayer" where pilgrims gathered. . The same is true of the “Croix de Chouteau”. The remarkable “Croix hosannière du Lyonnat”, close to the previous two, is worth a detour.
Sources : https://lussac-gironde.fr/curiosites-et-monuments/
https://lussac-gironde.fr/leglise-de-lussac/
VI.History
During the Revolution, the parish of Saint-Pierre de Lussac formed the municipality of Lussac.
In 1869, part of the municipalities of Lussac and Montagne were separated to form the new municipality of Artigues.
Sources: https://lussac-gironde.fr/histoire/
VII.Other information
DIFFERENTIATED MANAGEMENT OF GREEN SPACES AND ZERO PHYTO
The development of urban spaces and the flowering of cities have been marked in recent years by an evolution in management practices.
These new, more sustainable practices aim to provide our children with a quality environment, while preserving biodiversity and natural resources.
In order to best respond to these new management requirements, it has already adopted a Differentiated Management Plan for Public Spaces for several years.
Sources: https://lussac-gironde.fr/gestion-differenciee-des-espaces-verts-et-zero-phyto/
VIII.Contact information
Lussac town hall address :
Lussac town hall
3 Republic Square
33570 Lussac
Mayor : Dorothée BRETON (Mandate : 2020-2026)
Mail: lussac-mairie@orange.fr
Phone number: 05.57.74.60.23
Fax: 05.57.74.53.90
Website : https://lussac-gironde.fr/
Sources : https://lussac-gironde.fr/presentation-de-la-commune/
http://www.cartesfrance.fr/carte-france-ville/33261_Lussac.html#mairie