Gradignan, Gironde, Nouvelle-Aquitaine 作者： 来源： 发布时间：2021-09-23
I.Population and Area
Total Area: 15.77 km2
Population in 2017: 25552
Population Density: 1620 /km2
Histogram of demographic change
II.Natural Geography (environment and resources)
Gradignan is a town in southwestern France, located in the Gironde department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region.
Municipality of the urban area of Bordeaux located in its urban unit.
Communication routes and transport:
Routes
1)Ring road
Exit 16 Gradignan-Center
Exit 17 Gradignan-Malartic
2)Motorway (A63)
Exit 26 Gradignan-Beausoleil
3)Departmental (D 1010, former RN 10)
Corresponds to the Cours du Général-de-Gaulle and the avenue de la Liberation.
Public transport
1)TBM Network
The Transports Bordeaux Métropole (TBM) network serves the town via bus lines 8, 10, 21, 36 and on nights from Thursday to Saturday by line 58.
2)TransGironde coach network
Line 505 connects the Peixotto tram station to Le Barp or Belin-Béliet.
3)By bike
Gradignan has many cycle paths as well as terminals to attach your bike. There are 3 Vcub stations located on Place Roumégoux, at the IUT de Bordeaux and at Bordeaux Sciences Agro.
4)Walk
There is a medium hiking route marked with green plots.
III.Economy
Employment rate (%): 67.5 (2017)
Poverty rate by age group of the tax advisor(%): 10 (2017)
Average employment income (€):2 685 net per month (32 225 net per year)（2014）
Evolution of average monthly net wages
Sources : http://www.journaldunet.com/business/salaire/gradignan/ville-33192
https://insee.fr/fr/statistiques/2011101?geo=COM-33192
IV.Industrial Characterisitics
The main development sectors
Major sectors of activity
1)Computer science
2)Printing / publishing
3)Metallurgy
4)Large distribution
The financial and IT services of large companies are located in the region: Crédit Agricole, La Poste, Pôle Emploi.
The field of wholesale:
Unique structures in Aquitaine:
1)Metro, wholesaler of food and equipment for communities and businesses
2)Arsenal, textile specialist
3)Panthère Group (cosmetology)
Retail
Innovative sectors: Xylofutur (wood competitiveness cluster), Exoes (converting heat into electricity), Telecomdesign (telecoms modules), Texaa (design, manufacture of acoustic envelopes), CENBG (Bordeaux Gradignan nuclear study center) .
Unique features: Roumégoux et Gilles (ready-to-wear), Pépinières et Animalerie Le Lann, or Diffus'Laine Cloth and Grim Import (furniture, decoration), Sub Ouest (diving equipment), La Madrilène, the Compagnie Fermière (collective store of local producers).
Bordeaux Unitec
Bordeaux Unitec, scientific and technological city: the partner of scientific and technological research / industry and business relations.
Association law 1901, Bordeaux Unitec was created in 1990 at the initiative of the Cities of Gradignan, Pessac and Talence.
Goals :
1)promote the establishment of new research laboratories
2)provoke industrial development by organizing technology transfers
3)detect and support the creation of innovative technology companies
4)facilitate the establishment of Research and Development units, SMIs and subsidiaries of large groups.
Bordeaux Unitec offers accommodation and business facilities close to university and scientific resources for creators of innovative businesses and developing companies.
Talence Innovation Sud Développement:
Talence Innovation Sud Développement is the second economic agency, with Arc Sud Développement, bringing together the towns of Gradignan, Talence, Villenave d'Ornon and Bègles, with the objective of promoting social development in the south of the Bordeaux agglomeration. -economic and the creation of companies in the scientific field and new technologies.
Arc Sud Développement
Arc Sud Développement is one of the two economic agencies, with Talence Innovation Sud Développement, bringing together the towns of Gradignan, Talence and Villenave d'Ornon (plus that of Bègles for Talence Innovation Sud Développement). Arc Sud Développement wants to promote socio-economic development and business creation in the south of the Bordeaux conurbation.
Sources: https://www.gradignan.fr/economie/la-vie-economique/presentation-et-chiffres-cles-485.html
https://www.gradignan.fr/economie/la-vie-economique/les-atouts-de-gradignan-484.html
V.Attractions
1. Poumey castle
The origins of the castle go back to 1784 but the current building was built in 1860 by a family of English merchants, settled in Bordeaux. In 1945, new owners acquired the vineyard, renewed it and this is how the Poumey cru won numerous awards. In 1987, the castle was put up for sale. Many real estate developers want it but the town buys it in order to preserve a historical heritage. It completely rehabilitates it, extends the area of exploitation in terroir of Graves. Since 1994, the municipality has chosen to entrust the operation to Château Pape Clément located on the same appellation of origin Pessac-Léognan. Today Poumey (13 ha) produces a red vintage and an exceptional vintage called "La Sérénité". In 2010, 13,996 bottles of wine were produced from the four plots located in Poumey, Ornon, Bragues and Sabatey (belonging to the municipality).
2.Hermitage Castle
Remains of the old hospice which became the priory of Cayac, established on the pilgrimage route to Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle and mentioned in 1234; it depended on the Sainte-Croix abbey in Bordeaux and was listed as a historical monument in 1937 and 1987. The Augustinians of Bordeaux (regular clerics) owned a mansion, a cellar and a vat room here. Sold in 1791 at auction to a merchant, the house was rebuilt. Under the Second Empire, in 1866, the house was replaced by the current castle. Wine estate not having the quality of other areas in the town, the castle was sold several times until 1945. Bought by the town after World War II, the castle housed the town hall until 1986. Only weddings there are celebrated today.
3. Malartic Castle
Built in the 18th century, it has a much simpler architecture than the other castles in the town. Initially a rectangular one-storey building, completed by two lower wings, it was then embellished with two turrets. The lack of exterior decoration and the existence of numerous outbuildings, which formerly closed almost completely the courtyard, confirmed its appearance of a farm estate. Nothing indicated the rank or fortune of its owner.
4.Pottery
Of the three kilns that existed in Gradignan in the last century, two are still preserved: the one visible outside the pottery and another inside. They were built between 1841 and 1855. Their curious bottle shape is not exclusive to Gradignan since it is also found in Sèvres from 1765 and in England. This particular shape favored better heat distribution, by cooking on two levels. Originally, tiles were made there, then very quickly resin pots due to the development of the Landes forest during the Second Empire. Raw or glazed household pottery is then produced there. The Second World War dealt a fatal blow to pottery because of the lack of raw materials and the changing demand. In the early 1950s, the pottery closed its doors. Bought in 1982 by the town, it now hosts the association "Terre d'art et d'argile".
5.Ornon Castle
Built in the 19th century, the castle took the eponymous name of the place on which it stands but has no connection with the old castle in Ornon County. A long single-storey main building is framed by two pavilions. The slate roofs are high. The bays are surrounded by a plain frame except the front door, the frame of which is molded. Formerly a wine estate, the château had vineyards.
VI.History
In the Middle Ages, the city enjoyed a certain notoriety, to which the priory of Cayac, the remains of the Castéra and the motte Saint-Albe still testify. In 1152, when the King of England became, by his marriage, Duke of Aquitaine, the castle of Ornon, known as Le Castéra, located in the parish of Gradignan, was, it seems, the capital of the Comtau d'Ornon, a vast area located south of the Garonne. The comtau d'Ornon was a territory belonging directly to the King of England, then Duke of Aquitaine. The Gascon term "comtau" has often been translated as the French "comte", but this is a mistake: it was in fact a comtal domain of the Duke of Aquitaine who was also count of Bordeaux and not a county. The lords of Ornon owned only part of this county.
The castle of Ornon was ravaged in 1405 by the Count of Armagnac, vassal of the King of France. This medieval period coincides with that of the pilgrimages to Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle. On leaving Gradignan, on the main road to Bayonne, the priory of Cayac allowed thousands of pilgrims to rest before approaching the terrible moors, "a desolate country where you lack everything".
Since the Middle Ages, we have observed a similarity of reactions between Bordeaux and Gradignan in the face of major political events, in particular the Fronde, the revolutions of 1789, 1830 and 1848: distrustful of the centralizing power in Paris, the notables and businessmen were more concerned with their economic interests than with major political debates. As for the more modest people, their only concern was to have a job and sufficient means of subsistence. Numerous links united Gradignan to the Gironde capital. It was a tradition for the Gradignanais to sell their milk and vegetables to the nearby town, as well as to maintain the linen of the Bordelais. Likewise, many Bordeaux merchants owned wine estates in Gradignan, thus supporting day laborers and coopers.
Until around 1950, Gradignan was a simple village living on the resources of its land and its river, Eau Bourde. Long lagged behind by a glaring lack of infrastructure, the town was equipped in all directions, from 1952, under the mandate of Bernard Roumégoux: it became a town of more than 20,000 inhabitants while retaining its green aspect.
In 1967, a remand center was built on municipal territory that could accommodate around 400 inmates.
VII.Other information
The high-level public transport link project (TCHNS) CHU Pellegrin - Thouars / Malartic and its route hypotheses:
The TCHNS link project should make it possible to connect the CHU Pellegrin then the Médoquine station, the Campus (Pessac, Talence, Gradignan), the district of Thouars in Talence to that of Malartic in Gradignan. A new line which marks an important change, since it is a transverse link which does not require you to go through the center of Bordeaux, while remaining perfectly connected to lines B and A which join Bordeaux center.
Goals
1)Strengthen the link between the CHU Pellegrin, the university campuses and the districts of Thouars and Barthez-Malartic;
2)Interconnect the major structuring urban public transport networks (tramways A and B) to promote connections outside the hyper-center of Bordeaux;
3)Strengthen the complementarity between the urban and rail transport networks by serving the Médoquine stop as soon as it reopens;
4)Allow a reduction of cars and encourage a modal shift by creating park-and-ride facilities near major highways, in particular for vehicles using the southern access gate of the agglomeration such as residents of the Community of municipalities of Montesquieu ;
5)Restore or reinforce the soft mode routes along this project and facilitate local trips to the facilities served, and in particular the facilities for commerce, leisure, landscapes, and the polarities of the political districts of the city of Thouars and Barthez- Malartic;
6)Present economic efficiency and costs compatible with the financial capacities of Bordeaux Métropole both in investment and in operation.
Bordeaux-Gradignan tram project
Improving the public transport service to the University Campus and Gradignan is Bordeaux Métropole's objective through the extension of the tram network.
The project to extend line B to Gradignan and its possible routes
The extension of the network is planned by tram, with the creation of an extension of line B at the university campus to Gradignan. Users would benefit from a direct Bordeaux-Gradignan line, without having to make any change.
The route
The consultation process should lead to the commissioning of a line from Bordeaux to Gradignan, a branch of tram B on the Campus, serving:
1)the University,
2)Grandes Écoles (Kedge, IRTS, CREPS, the School of Architecture and Landscape, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, IUT),
3)exchanger 16,
4)the Favard district,
5)the future penitentiary center,
6)the Saint-Géry district,
7)Monjous college,
8)the Laurenzane district,
9)the plain of Mandavit (Multimedia library, Theater, Conservatory, Wood, Sports area)
10)the Priory of Cayac,
11)the school of Graves,
12)and the Beausoleil terminus.
13)Two park-and-ride lots are planned: at interchange 16 and at the Beausoleil terminus.
Goals
1)Improve the public transport service to Gradignan and its main facilities;
2)Strengthen the service to the university campus and in particular to large establishments from Bordeaux city center and from its periphery in complementarity with the existing structuring network;
3)Allow a car drawdown and encourage modal shift by creating park-and-ride facilities near major highways, in particular for commuters from the Jalles Eau Bourde community of municipalities, and the areas of the Arcachon basin and the North of the Landes;
4)Restore or reinforce the soft mode routes along the project and facilitate local trips to the Gradignan facilities served by the project and the polarities of the university campus;
5)Present economic efficiency and costs compatible with the financial capacities of Bordeaux Métropole both in investment and in operation.
Heart (s) of Gradignan
Gradignan is redeveloping its city center for a quality city center, on a human scale, lively, friendly and commercial. The guideline: to preserve the landscape character and the parks while proposing a new offer of housing, equipment and facilitating the access of the center and the districts to all the modes of transport (on foot, by bike, by car and with parking, in the future tram).
The "Heart (s) of Gradignan" project
The project brings together all the future developments for Gradignan:
1)The renovation of the city center (emblematic public spaces of the city center) already carried out and the quality of which is widely appreciated by all. Inaugurated in 2019.
2)The city center urban project planned within the framework of a concerted development zone: an overall program in terms of housing, shops, public facilities, travel, etc.
3)Efficient public transport: the tram.
This major project is punctuated by public meetings, stages of consultation so that the inhabitants of Gradignan participate and discuss these developments.
The city center urban project: parks, developments, public facilities and housing as part of a Concerted Development Zone operation
Goals
Global program in terms of housing, preserved green spaces and new parks open to the public, shops, public facilities, travel ... in a defined area. The ZAC sets the provisional program and specifies the financial balances of operations. Disposals of land within the ZAC are subject to technical and architectural requirements. It is therefore a public development and equipment operation for the general interest.
Principles
1)Integrate the landscape at the heart of the project and enhance the City-Park,
2)Create a network of soft links, offer a quality living environment shared by all,
3)Strengthen and develop trade, strengthen the leisure offer through modernized public facilities.
Sources: https://www.gradignan.fr/notre-ville/grands-projets/un-transport-en-commun-tchns-vers-thouars-a-talence-et-malartic-a-gradignan-776.html
https://www.gradignan.fr/notre-ville/grands-projets/projet-de-tram-bordeaux-gradignan-775.html
https://www.gradignan.fr/notre-ville/grands-projets/coeur-s-de-gradignan-504.html
VIII.Contact information
Gradignan town hall address :
Gradignan town hall
City Hall
Gaston-Rodrigues alley
CS 50105
33173 Gradignan Cedex
Mayor : Michel Labardin (Mandate : 2014-2020)
Mail: mairie@ville-gradignan.fr
Phone number: 05 56 75 65 00
Fax: 05 56 75 65 65
Website : http://www.ville-gradignan.fr
Sources : http://www.cartesfrance.fr/carte-france-ville/33192_Gradignan.html