Billund，Denmark 作者：  来源：  发布时间：2021-06-18

一、人口，面积，所属地区

Population: 26,608

Area: 537 km²

Municipality in Syddanmark

二、自然地理（或者地理环境、自然资源、交通情况）

Billund is a municipality in Region of Southern Denmark in the center of the Jutland Peninsula of Denmark. Formerly the municipality belonged to Ribe County. The site of its municipal council is the town of Grindsted, which is the largest town in the municipality followed by the city of Billund. The municipality is also a part of the East Jutland metropolitan area.

Billund Municipality is among the smallest of the 98 municipalities that were formed during the municipal reform in 2007. It was Grindsted and Billund Municipality that joined together in Billund Municipality. in the Region of Southern Denmark. Grindsted and Billund are center cities in the municipality.

In addition, the municipality of Billund consists of five strong surrounding towns, with associated land areas. The five cities are Sdr. Omme, Vorbasse, Hejnsvig, Filskov, Stenderup-Krogager. The cities all offer modern sports facilities and a thriving association life.

Billund is the second largest town in Billund Municipality, Region of Southern Denmark, following the municipal seat of Grindsted.Billund is a small town in Jutland, Denmark, a typical company town also known for its theme park, Legoland, and for Billund Airport which is the second largest airport in Denmark. The airport opened in 1964 and was built by the Lego Group, but is now run independently.

Billund is located approximately 13 kilometers (8 miles) from Grindsted, 56 kilometers (35 miles) from Esbjerg, and 27 kilometers (17 miles) from The Regional Capital of Vejle.

Billund Municipality is dominated by large agricultural areas to the west and extensive coniferous forests to the south, where large heathland and mossy areas are hidden. These forests save a unique animal and plant life, including a larger population of Denmark's largest terrestrial mammals; red deer.

The roars of red deer echo through the forests in mid-September to early October, reminding us of a lost wilderness. The roar of the deer is best heard after dark. In these months it is also obvious to go on a mushroom trip. The forests contain large quantities of good edible mushrooms such as Karl Johan, cane hater and chanterelles.

The forests, moors and marshes also have a unique bird life. Rare birds such as night raven, red-backed thorn damage, heather badge and turnip breed all breed in the area. In June and July it is thus possible to hear the murmur of the raven on the quiet summer evenings. Other exciting bird species in the area are pine cone, woodpecker, tears and Europe's largest owl, big horned owl. Almost all slightly larger mosses in the municipality also have juvenile cranes and the spectacular crane dance can be experienced in the spring. However, it is important that the cranes are not disturbed so that they give up breeding.

Transport

Billund Airport is an airport in Denmark. Located 1 nautical mile (1.9 km; 1.2 mi) northeast of Billund, it serves as one of the country's busiest air cargo centres, as well as a charter airline destination, although some regular airlines also offer flights there.

 The airport handles an average of more than two million passengers a year, and millions of pounds of cargo. The airport's main runway can handle airliners as large as the Boeing 747, although most passengers arrive on smaller aeroplanes, such as ATR-42s, Boeing 737s and Boeing 757s. Boeing 747 activity at this airport is almost exclusively limited to cargo flights.

The road distance is to Billund 3 kilometres (2 mi), to Vejle 28 kilometres (17 mi), to Kolding 41 kilometres (25 mi), to Esbjerg 61 kilometres (38 mi) and to Aarhus 98 kilometres (61 mi). There are airport buses to Horsens, Skanderborg and Aarhus. Eight additional bus services operate from the airport. There are six parking zones named after countries of the world, USA, Australia, Kenya, Spain, Egypt and Greenland. Three of the zones are connected by a shuttle bus, the other three being within walking distance.

三、经济发展和规模

Billund's development began in earnest in the 1930s, when at that time there were approx. 250 inhabitants, seven of whom worked at the toy factory, which today is LEGO with over 3,500 employees in Billund alone, which is a unique example of a Company Town in Denmark.

*All amounts are in DKK per. per capita in current prices.

四、产业特点/重点项目

The retail trade is of great strategic importance to the municipality of Billund. In general, retail is still the primary factor in terms of pulling people to create and create life and activity in the provincial city centers in Denmark. This is especially true of Billund Municipality, where Grindsted town center in particularis dependent on retail as there are not many other features and attractions in the city center. But emphasis is also placed on the municipality's very small towns on the fact that the presence of a grocery store is crucial to urban life. Thus, retail plays a crucial role in creating living andattractive urban environments and villages that can support the good life and not least the attraction of new citizens to the municipality.

Billund Municipality is also characterized by a very strong specialization in industry and tourism. It is seen by the diagram to the right showing the degree of specialization and job creation by industry in the municipality of Billund. The two areas have contributed positively to the overall private employment during the period 2012-16. Industry has been the largest job creator with more than 850 new jobs. Lego is the main driving force behind Billund Municipality's strength specialization and significant job creation within industry. In tourism, it is especially the two big attractions Legoland and Lalandia, which have drawn the development.

Construction, retail, transport, whole sale and agriculture plays one important role for employment. These industries each employ 6-800 full-time jobs in Billund Municipality and sign up together for an employment that is roughly on level with the industry. However, there has been one minor decline in employment in all of the above industries during the period

On the outskirts of the town there is a Lego factory, which, as of 2005, manufactured 90% of the company's products. Adjacent to the company's headquarters is the first Legoland theme park, which opened in 1968 and is called Legoland Billund.

In addition to the Lego Group, Sun Air of Scandinavia has its head office in Billund.

Billund Erhvervsfremme and Billund Municipality work closely with the companies to create the best working conditions regardless of the industry. Billund Erhvervsfremme is an independent association with approx. 450 members from all industries. The association focuses on promoting business in Billund Municipality, among other things. through professional sparring and corporate consulting.

The following are areas of particular importance for growth and employment in the municipality:

 Industry

 Tourism, retail and related services

 Construction & transport and transport

 Entrepreneur

五、风景名胜，景点

LEGO® House

Address: Ole Kirks Plads 1, 7190 Billund

LEGO® House is the world’s best play date for the whole family – adults, children at heart and actual children. Here you can unleash your imagination among 25 million LEGO bricks. Build your own creations and watch them come to life. Race with your family and see which LEGO vehicle is the best. And eat in one of the LEGO inspired restaurants, when you get hungry.

LEGO House has six Experience Zones, a cosy LEGO Square and topnotch outdoor playgrounds. Start the world’s best play date at the Tree of Creativity. It is 15.68 metres tall. And then move on to the Masterpiece Gallery to see some of the craziest LEGO masterpieces before you continue into the Experience Zones.

 "The Row Mountains"

Address: Sdr. Egsgårdsvej, 7190 Billund

The row mountains is a 2 km long, 25 metre wide and up to 9 metre high sand ridge that stretches along the marsh, Simmelmose - a rarity in the otherwise flat landscape. Follow the sandy path that winds through the heather-filled tops of the ridge. 

六、历史文化

Historically, these are two different municipalities, yet the old Billund and Grindsted Municipalities have marked common features. It is the entrepreneurial spirit that has made two small spots on the Danmarkskortet for one of the most prosperous municipalities in the country for over 100 years.

Billund has long been part of the parish of Grene Kirke whose original Romanesque building was first mentioned in 1291. The town's name was first mentioned as "Byllundt" in 1454 and as "Billund" in 1510.

In 1880, the town's first windmill was built on the road between Vejle and Varde. In 1895, the mill burned to the ground but was rebuilt in 1897, this time in the style of Dutch windmills. That same year, a railway was built from Vejle to Billund, and the route was later extended to Grindsted in 1914.

In 1916, Ole Kirk Christiansen, who later founded Lego, bought a Billund furniture company that was founded in 1895. He invested in the town, creating a new dairy and the Skjoldbjerg church a few miles south of town. In 1930, Kirk Christiansen began producing utility items such as ironing boards, stepladders and miniature toys. His first toys were created from scraps from the production of his other goods but his true toy production started in 1932. In 1934, the toy factory was named "Lego."

In the late 1930s Billund experienced growth due to the factories and began to build waterworks, a gymnasium, and the town hall, though the local power station was closed and relocated.

During the Nazi occupation in World War II, the old Lego Factory was destroyed by fire in 1942, but a new one was immediately erected. In 1946, the railway track from Grindsted was extended to the Lego factory. Plastic Lego Bricks were first released from the factory in 1949.

The 1950s brought a recession to Billund with the closing of the railroad. In response to the growing poverty, the Billund Housing Association was founded and created affordable housing as well as a retirement home. Lego created a large park north of town with a playground, outdoor scene, toboggan hill and a man-made lake in 1959. In 1962 the Billund Airport was inaugurated, first as the Lego Group's private airport, and was later opened for other uses. Legoland opened in 1968, and Billund again began to experience growth.

On January 1, 2007 due to Kommunalreformen ("The Municipal Reform" of 2007), the old Billund municipality was combined with the former Grindsted Municipality.

七、其他信息

Company Town in Denmark

Billund’s history and development are intimately intertwined with the development of the LEGO Group, the world’s most powerful brand in 2015 (Forbes, 2015a) and the 95th most valuable brand in the world (Forbes, 2015b). The company was founded in 1932 by Ole Kirk Kristiansen as a general wood manufacturer and slowly specialised into toy making, producing its first iconic LEGO plastic brick as early as 1949.

In 1968, LEGO also opened its first LEGOLAND and put Billund on the map for family tourism attractions, followed by another important family attraction, Lalandia, an indoor swimming pool and spa centre opened in 2009. As a consequence, the city has the highest percentage of workers within the entertainment-experience industry in Denmark (27%): 22% in traditional experience-oriented business such as amusement parks, hotels, night life gastronomy, sports and free time, and only 5% in creative industries (eStatistik, 2012).

Billund is the home of LEGO Product and Marketing Development division and their Design Studio, a 2000 m2 space with a design following new trends in creative office space (Groves and Knight, 2013) similar to Silicon Valley. Its Idea House, Ole Kirk Kristiansen’s first LEGO factory, is now used as a creative meeting space (Groves and Knight, 2013) for all development departments of the brand and their Concept Factory produces small batches of bricks used by the internal R&D department.

In the sphere of governance, LEGO Group participates in the governance of the city in two ways: through public-private partnerships, the most emblematic of which is the Capital of Children Foundation, and informally through the historical connection between the Kristiansen family, which still lives in the city, and local stockholders.

Billund is unique. The town, its citizens and the LEGO company have created modern Billund together. If you follow the Company Town Route, you will gain an insight into the cultural history of the town and its development from a tiny heathland village into a high-tech knowledge city.

八、联系方式

Mayor: Ib Kristensen

Address: Earth Around 1, 7200 Grindsted

Telephone: 79 72 72 00

mail: kommunen@billund.dk

Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/billundkommune/

Website: https://billund.dk/