Lejre，Denmark 作者：  来源：  发布时间：2021-04-14

一、人口，面积，所属地区

Population: 27,996

Area: 240 km²

Municipality in Sjælland

二、自然地理（地理环境、自然资源、交通情况）

Lejre Municipality is a municipality on the island of Zealand in east Denmark. It belongs to Region Sjælland (also spelled Zealand).

 South of the villages Skov-Hastrup and Særløse lies a magnificent landscape with high hills, lakes, mosses and streams, which were once the villages' common grazing area.

The northeastern area of Særlöse overdrive has never been cultivated. As the pasture has been grazed by livestock for several centuries, the area's vegetation is clearly marked by this. Plants and trees in the area have adapted to the pasture so that the moldy, thorny bushes and trees such as tar, meadow, hunter's nest and forest-abild are scattered on the overgrowth. Under these trees and shrubs, larger trees such as beech, oak, ash and shelf have grown, in protection of the thorny growths.

The herb flora has also been adapted to the area through centuries of grazing. Therefore, thorny plants, rosette plants and poisonous plants such as meadow fir trees have grown on the exaggerated. The exaggeration is characterized by having been fertilized and therefore there is not a great diversity in species, but here plants that are typical of the grassland grow and if you visit the place at the right time of year, you can see a floral flower of, among other things. quirky, knobby and perikon.

The wildlife of the exaggeration is characterized by the presence of the forests, so that there are deer, badgers and foxes as well as lizards in the area around the exaggerated.

In the humid areas, scrub toads, pointed seeds, buttered seeds, green seeds and large and small water salamander occur.

There is also a rich bird life with gray-throated patchwork divers, gray ducks and lead chickens in the lakes and many species of songbirds such as buckthorn, yellow sparrow and nightingale. In addition, the rare "drum" of the rare varietal is often heard.

Birds of prey are seen regularly by sparrows, sparrow hawks and towering falcon over the landscape and in the fall, the eagle fires in the nearby forest lakes.

Part of Særløse Overdrev was first preserved in 1952 and most recently in 1969, 348 hectares around Særløse Overdrev were further protected, to avoid unwanted settlement and preserve the great landscape and nature values.

In the southern part of Hornsherred, Ejby lies towards the Isefjord. The area around the coast is heavily hilly and there are slopes, canyons and valleys, of which Ejby Ådal is the most spectacular.

On the coastal slopes and in the valley floor there are both site-typical and rare plant species, which are found only on certain exaggerations. Over 300 flower species have been found in Ejby Ådal and if you visit the area in the spring or early summer, the river is in full bloom. In the spring, among other things, Meadow cabbage bear, Maj-Gøgeurt and Nikkende Kobjälla while later in the year you can find Soløy and Grenet Spider. In fact, the country's largest component of the protected plant is the spider's branch, in Ejby Ådal.

Bidstrup Forests is a collective term for the state-owned forests in the large central Zealand forest area, which contains the Storskoven, Valborup Forest, Helvigstrup Forest, Ravnsholt Forest, Heide Overdrev, Avnstrup Forest and Orup Forest. The total forest area extends from Hvalsø to the north to Osted to the east while the southern part of the forests ends down at Jystrup.

The forests have a rich wildlife and they are home to several animal species such as deer, deer and reindeer as well as badgers, foxes, woodland and squirrels. In addition, rare animal species such as the small seven-seater hazel mouse. Several types of the rare pearl butterflies also live in the Bidstrup forests and in the humid areas there are scrub toads, pointed seeds, buttered seeds, green seeds and large and small water salamander.

There is also a rich bird life with gray-throated patchwork divers, gray ducks and lead chickens in the lakes and many species of songbirds such as buckthorn, yellow sparrow and nightingale. In addition, the rare "drum" of the rare varietal is often heard.

Transport

Lejre Municipality's public transport consists of trains, buses, school buses, telebus and flex.

Train stations with regional trains to and from Copenhagen, Høy-Taastrup, Roskilde, Holbæk and Kalundborg can be found.

三、经济发展和规模

The number of new businesses has increased by 18.5% over the past three years, corresponding to the national average, and the growth in the number of jobs has been 6.5%, which is almost double the national average. And when it does comes to the survival rate of start-ups is the 91% after 2 years. It is among those highest in the country. Population is growing steadily, and so are house prices. All of it is indicators that things are going well in Lejre.

*All amounts are in DKK per. per capita in current prices

四、产业特点重点项目

With 1,500 companies, almost 5,300 privately employed and a total value creation in the private sector industries of DKK 3.5 billion, Lejre Municipality is one of the smaller business municipalities in the Region of Zealand country. This is reflected in the municipality's business structure, where the small businesses with up to Ten employees account for 57% of the private jobs in the municipality, compared to 38% in the Region Zealand as a whole. The importance of small businesses for overall employment in the municipality is also reflected in that the self-employed occupy relatively much in Lejre's business structure. The self-employed stands for each seventh jobs in Lejre Municipality against every eleventh in the region overall. That's because there are both many smaller, self-employed people in the municipality, but also that there are relatively few, larger ones companies in Lejre Municipality.

The map on the opposite side also illustrates that in Lejre The municipality is not a unique business center, since the large companies are located scattered throughout the geography of the municipality. 42% of companies in Lejre are resident in the business services, etc. includes companies in accounting, consulting, information, communication, corporate judgment and cleaning. Common to these companies is that they produce services that primarily sold to other companies - to a large extent in the local area. Another characteristic of The majority of companies in this industry are that they are small.

The two largest companies in the municipality are the two manufacturing companies Unomedical and Vestergaard and the development of these two have a significant impact on the overall private value-and job creation in Lejre Municipality.

In recent years, the Business and Tourism Committee and the Municipal Council have worked hard to ensure that strengthen cooperation between the business community and the municipality, and by obtaining a number of basic prerequisites for a good business environment for the entire business community in place. At the same time, the Committee has supported the special occupational positions of strength, such as counts entrepreneurship, barley and housing, agriculture and food as well as tourism.

Tourism is one of the commercial strengths of Lejre Municipality, and with the National ParkThe Land of the Shields and other new initiatives such as the Kings' Hall in the Land of Legends is one area of development.The development also characterizes tourism outside the municipal boundaries.

In Lejre Municipality, tourism consumption and the proportion of tourism itself have increased since then 2012 and until 2014. The total tourism consumption in the Municipality of Lejre has increased from DKK 167 million. kr. In 2012 to DKK 234 million DKK in 2014. Commercial accommodation in Lejre Municipality has increased from DKK 49 million. in 2012 to DKK 66 million kr. in 2014. There has been a development of DKK 118 million. DKK 2012 in DKK 168 million DKK in 2014. In the period from 2012 - 2014 there has also been an increase in the proportion of tourism in Lejre. The municipality's total supply increase from 1.2% in 2012 to 1.8% in 2014.

Cross-municipal collaborations in the field of tourism

When strengthening tourism and other business conditions, the municipality also want to break the traditional boundaries between municipalities. They do this bycollaboration with Sorø, Kalundborg, Holbæk and Odsherred Municipalities to create coherent experience routes that tie the five municipalities together on the narrative about the glacial landscape. It also happens through strategic, inter-municipal collaborations such as Fishing Zealand and the inter-municipal cooperation “Fjordlandet”. The latter includes Roskilde, Frederikssund, Holbæk and Odsherred Municipalities, and here are developed and tourism products are marketed based on three common core stories. Increased digital presence and guest service are a major focal point and must ensure the whole Fjordland a stronger positioning in the Danish destination landscape.

五、风景名胜，景点

Lejre Museum

Address: Orehøjvej 4B, 4320 Lejre

Lejre Museum is located in Gammel Lejre, about 10km west of Roskilde, in the middle of one of the Danish Viking period’s most important areas

At this location – according to medieval chronicles and sagas – the story of the kingdom of Denmark began. During the years AD 600–950 the family known as the Scyldings ruled from their seat in Lejre with the famous and legendary kings Skjold, Roar, Frode and Rolf Krake.

The sagas should naturally be treated with caution, but archaeological excavations in the area during the last 30 years have shown that the sagas are based upon actual material remains, which convincingly place Lejre amongst the most important locations of the Viking period.

The Viking Age discoveries from Gammel Lejre include a unique large hall complex. On the west side of the Lejre River valley, several large halls (covering around 500m2) have been excavated, which can only have belonged to a powerful elite. From the great man’s home, there was originally a clear view of the burial grounds east of the river, where the ship settings are located.

Apart from the great halls, many splendid archaeological finds have also been recovered in the area and these are exhibited in the museum.

Ship-formed burial place at Gammel Lejre

Address: Orehøjvej 12,4320 Lejre

The stone ship, also known as a ship setting, is located at Gammel Lejre, south-west of Roskilde. There are at least six ship settings, and three of these have stones in them. The largest is 83m long, shaped like a ship and aligned south-east to north-west.

In the 1950s, the burial of an important man and a large burial area for ordinary people were discovered in this ship setting and the area nearby.

The large stone ship is located east of Gammel Kongsgaard, with the Lejre River running between them. Close by is the burial mound of Grydehøj, which an archaeological excavation has dated to the 6th century AD.

The area surrounding the ship setting is protected.

六、历史文化

The current municipality was established on 1 January 2007 as a result of Kommunalreformen ("The Municipal Reform" of 2007), merging the former Lejre Municipality with Bramsnæs Municipality and Hvalsø Municipality to form a new Lejre Municipality.

 Lejre was the capital of an Iron Age kingdom sometimes referred to as the "Lejre Kingdom." According to early legends, this was ruled by kings of the Skjöldung dynasty, predecessors of the kings of medieval Denmark. Legends of the kings of Lejre are known from a number of medieval sources, including the twelfth-century Gesta Danorum written by Saxo Grammaticus and the anonymous twelfth-century Chronicon Lethrense, or Chronicle of Lejre. As the home of the Skjölding (Old English Scylding) dynasty mentioned in Beowulf, Lejre has long been thought to have been the real-world counterpart to Heorot, the fabulous royal hall where the first part of the action of that Anglo-Saxon poem takes place. Among other works of the medieval imagination that tell of adventures at Lejre, the best known is the fourteenth-century Icelandic Saga of King Hrolf Kraki.

Archeological excavations undertaken since the 1980s have produced dramatic confirmation that medieval legends of Lejre, though largely fabulous, have a basis in history. Research teams led by archaeologist Tom Christensen of Roskilde Museum have uncovered the remains of an extensive Iron Age and Viking Age settlement complex just outside the hamlet of Gammel Lejre ("Old Lejre"). Discovered here were the post-holes for a series of large rectangular buildings measuring fifty to sixty meters in length or more. These must have been the halls of powerful magnates or kings. Outbuildings and other structures whose remains were unearthed in this same area indicate that Lejre was also a center for crafts, commerce, and religious observances. The relative absence of weapon finds suggests that the site was more important as a social and economic center than as a military base. A noteworthy loose find that has recently turned up, thanks to metal-detector work, is a tiny silver Viking Age figurine known as Odin from Lejre. This is thought to depict the god Odin enthroned in majesty between ravens.

Other sites of archaeological interest in the vicinity, long admired by visitors even when their nature was not well understood, are a Viking-Age cemetery that includes several ship settings, a great Iron Age cremation mound ("Grydehøy"), a number of tumuli that are mostly of Bronze Age date, and several Neolithic chamber grave, including one that in modern times has been known as "Harald Hildetandshøy". As for the Iron Age archaeological settlement complex unearthed since the 1980s, its two related parts span the period from about 550 to about 1000 AD, thus confirming the significance of this "land of legends" over a period of almost half a millennium, up to the time when Denmark was converted to Christianity and a new royal capital was established at what is now the cathedral city of Roskilde.

On account of its imposing monuments as well as its unusual surrounding terrain, Gammel Lejre has long been a focal point for antiquarian scholarship, a source of Danish national pride, and a source of fascination regarding Scandinavian prehistory. Speculations about the prehistory of the area have been fueled by Thietmar of Merseburg's account in his twelfth-century Chronicon (ch. 17) that pagan sacrifices were formerly held every ninth year at Lejre. A wooded path and lake a short distance west of Lejre, as well, was identified by some antiquarian scholars as "Herthadal," the sacred sacrificial precinct of the goddess Nerthus (also called Hertha), whose rites were described by the Roman historian Tacitus in chapter 40 of his Germania. While such speculations can be dismissed as contributing to a "myth of Lejre" that has little to do with the actual Iron Age settlement-complex that has now been excavated, it could be argued that reality and fantasy have always been intertwined in stories pertaining to this region.

七、其他信息

Land of Legends is is a 106 acre archaeological open air museum located in the Lejre Municipality, few kilometers west of Roskilde.

Land of Legends comprises reconstructions of an Iron Age village and sacrificial bog (200 BC to 200 AD), a Viking market place (900 AD), a Stone Age camp-site (5000 BC), an 18th-century farmstead and various grave monuments.

The historical artisan workshops (the pottery, the weaver's workshop, the smithy) work to reproduce (pre-) historical handicraft. Gardens, pastures and fields are the natural scenario of activities and reconstructions.

The purpose of the Legend of Lejre is to run a research center for conducting ethnological, historical and archaeological experiments, carrying out related research tasks and disseminating the results through scientific channels and through active dissemination and teaching.

Qualified fulfillment of the purpose is ensured through Sagnlandet Lejre's management and employment of skilled personnel in academic, technical and craft subjects such as archeology, history, communication, didactics, pedagogy, landscaping, textile crafts, pottery, forging and film / photo. The employment of a broadly composed instructor body of students and students in the same disciplines ensures a good and inspiring contact with the teaching and education sector, and the thoughts and ideas that move there.

The director refers to a competent board of scientists, politicians and business people.

八、联系方式

Mayor: Carsten Rasmussen

Address: Møllebjergvej 4, 4330 Hvalsø

Telephone: 4646 4646

mail: post@lejre.dk

Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/voresstedlejre

Website: https://www.lejre.dk/