Dragør，Denmark 作者： 来源： 发布时间：2021-02-01
一、人口，面积
Population: 14,494
Area: 18.1 km²
Municipality in Hovedstaden
二、自然地理
Dragør Kommune is a municipality in Region Hovedstaden on the southern coast of the island of Amager just east of Zealand (Sjælland) in eastern Denmark. The municipality covers an area of 18.41 km² (2013), and has a population of 14,028 (1 January 2015). Its mayor is Eik Dahl Bidstrup, a member of the agrarian liberal Venstre (Denmark).
The main town is Dragør. The seat of the town hall is Store Magleby, which easily can house such a large building.
Its only neighboring municipality is Tårnby to the north. To the east and south is the Øresund, the strait that separates Zealand and Amager from Sweden. To the southwest is Køge Bay (Køge Bugt).
The geography of Dragør municipality was not affected as the result of nationwide Kommunalreformen ("The Municipality Reform" of 2007) on January 1, 2007.
Dragør, on the southeastern coast of the island of Amager, is located only 12 km from central Copenhagen, but the town is not a part of the urban area of Copenhagen. Together with the neighbouring village of Store Magleby, it forms a separate urban area with a population of 11,941 (1 January 2015).
Transport
Dragør was a prosperous seafaring town in the latter half of the 19th century, and its charming harbour front is still in use.
Dragør's location also allows for excursions into the big city with everything it entails. There are good public transport links to the center of Copenhagen. Transport time approx. 35 minutes.
三、经济发展和规模
In 1370 Dragør received trading privileges and the right to salt herrings. In the 16th century the mass amounts of herring in Øresund began to disappear because of over fishing. Many of the fishermen were forced to find alternate means of earning money and they began to pilot their ships much greater distances in search of herring. As the fisherman went further and further abroad is search of herring it became obvious that plenty of money could be made in transport and trade. During the 18th and 19th centuries Dragør had grown become the second largest shipping town in Denmark. Now, because of its proximity to Kastrup Airport, the area has become a popular one in which to live, especially for airline and airport workers.
* All amounts are in DKK per. per capita in current prices.
四、产业特点重点项目
Prior to its dissolution, Maersk Air had its headquarters in Dragør in the municipality. When it existed, Sterling Airlines had its head office at Copenhagen Airport South in Dragør.
Planning for the harbor
In May 2015, the local council adopted a process for realizing the plans for the Port of Dragør. The overall plan is intended to support the maritime life of the future in respect of our existing historical and contemporary harbor environment. This means that you can expect change over the coming years, and you have probably discovered that we are in the process!
In the overall plan, two construction areas at the port have been laid out for port-related occupations, public-close facilities and a smaller part for other occupations.
The western building site
The western building site contains approx. 3,400 m² of building space. The area surrounds the current scrub town and is laid out for business purposes which are not necessarily port related. The existing port office is being demolished and a new port office can be located here.
Towards the fishing and supply
quay Audience-related businesses can be located in both building areas to the north, facing the fishing and supply quay.
Parking and construction
An undeveloped area for combined parking and boat laying is laid out between the building fields.
The eastern building field
The eastern building area contains approx. 4,000 m² of building space. The area is primarily designed for port-related purposes, which requires more space
The overall plan ensures the view from the city across the harbor to the Sound and vice versa. The plan also ensures that the port will be harmonious in future in terms of proportions and materials on future facilities. You can say that the harbor's future building practices must respect the "spirit of the place", while new additions must express their time, and may be surprised.
New opportunities for business - In the winter of 2015/16, there is a dialogue with existing professions to move their activities into the new building fields. When this is completed, the municipal council expects to provide the remaining building plots in the eastern construction site.
Better service features - The municipal council has allocated DKK 10 million. DKK in budget 2016-19 for other infrastructure and service functions at the port. The money allocated to improve the port's service functions is not limited by the two construction areas of the old ferry area. In 2016, the local council decides the exact content and finances for a number of sub-projects. Overall, it is an investment that will help secure the port for users and guests.
五、风景名胜，景点
Løvenskjold's memorial stone
Address: Skovvej, 2791 Dragør
Court hunter Løvenskjold was the man who created Europe's first wild pheasant in Kings Forest "Kongelunden" in 1840.
In traditional pheasant farms were pheasant chicks hatched during turkeys in captivity. Løvenskjold exposed and fed 50 pheasants for a start, and soon found several nests around the forest.
Kongelunden has supplied the royal house and several large estates with many hundreds of pheasants annually. The pheasant was closed down in 1929, but there are still pheasants in Kongelunden.
The memorial stone can be found next to Skovvej - at the crossroads in the middle of the forest.
Kofoeds Meadows
Address: Kalvebodvej 269, 2791 Dragør
Kofoed's Meadows are part of the Amager Wildlife Sanctuary, which also consists of Kalvebod Common, Aflandshage and the territorial sea from Sjællandsbroen to Dragør. Amager Wildlife Reserve is special in that no other reserves in Denmark are so close to urban areas. The reserve contains particularly valuable nature and is therefore part of the EU protection program Natura 2000.
At Kofoed's Meadows you can find birds in a row - both when they fly south in the autumn and when they fly north again in the spring - and it is a breeding ground for several bird species that you seek to protect: pipe drum, pipe hawk, spotted pipe quail, clay , engryle, the oats, the dwarves and the marsh owl. If you are lucky, you can see both osprey and falcon by Kofoed meadows.
As a guest you can always walk along the fence towards Kongelund Fortress - it marks the boundary between the beach meadow and the ice age old moraine landscape, which is now fields. Dogs should always be kept on a leash. During the breeding season - April 1 to July 15 - do not move away from the dry area along the fence, with or without a dog. Be careful even during the breeding season - many birds hide in the wet low-lying areas. Bathing on the beach in front of Kofoed's Meadows is prohibited.
六、历史文化
Dragør was founded in the 12th century, and grew quickly as a fishing port. In 1370, the Hanseatic League was granted some trade privileges in the town. Dragør continued to grow - as the home of one of the largest fishing fleets in the country and as a base for salting and processing fish.
The first part of the name, Drag-, refers to drawing (dragging) boats ashore. The ending -ør is common in Scandinavian placenames and means a beach covered in sand or gravel.
Not until four years after the 1970 Danish Municipal Reform on 1 April 1974 two new municipalities were formed in Copenhagen County, namely Dragør Municipality, formed by the merger of Dragør (an independent parish from 1 April 1954) and Store Magleby parishes and Høje-Taastrup Municipality, which from that date also included Sengeløse parish (which - as an already existing parish - was also made an independent municipality from 1 April 1970 until 31 March 1974; but it was considered too small to remain as an independent municipality). The inhabitants would have preferred to remain as independent municipalities. Store Magleby, which was larger in area than Dragør, had a large number of subdivisions (Danish (singular): parcel;udstykning) with owner-occupied homes built on the boundary with Dragør (as far away from the noise as possible from planes landing at Copenhagen Airport, and taking restrictions in building regulations (inside city (built-up area) limits versus outside city limits) into consideration) before the merger. Because the voters of Store Magleby and Sengeløse were almost exclusively owner-occupiers, who voted center-rightwing, whereas Høje-Taastrup Municipality and Dragør Municipality to a large extent consisted of tenants who rented their apartments and who voted center-leftwing, there were heated debates and reluctance among the voters of Store Magleby and Sengeløse about joining the new municipalities. This was because the center-rightwing voters would be in a minority at elections for their local councils.
The area has a Dutch ancestry that is still much in evidence. In the early 16th century, King Christian II invited a group of farmers from the Netherlands — at the time a more agriculturally advanced nation than Denmark — to settle in the area and produce food for the royal household. Twenty-four families arrived. They and their descendants settled in the village of Store Magleby. Tensions between the Dutch farmers of the inland and the Danish fishermen and sailors at the coast are still detectable now, with a certain rivalry between citizens of Store Magleby and Dragør. The Dutch peasants delivered vegetables to the Amagertorv market in Copenhagen. Among their many other achievements they were responsible for introducing the carrot to Denmark. Dutch and Low German were still spoken on Amager until the 19th century.
Dragør was made an independent parish 1 April 1954, before that being a part of Store Magleby parish.
Dragør parish is surrounded by Store Magleby parish to the north, south, and west and the strait of Øresund to the east, and Dragør parish thus does not border the neighboring Tårnby municipality. Dragør parish has an area of only 156 hectares (1.56 square km;0.6 sq mi), 8.6% of Dragør municipality's area, as opposed to Store Magleby parish's 1602 hectares, the latter accounting for more than 88% of Dragør municipality's area. A part of Copenhagen Airport accounts for 56 hectares, 3% of Dragør municipality, which is outside of parish jurisdiction and taxation. With 4144 people, 29.77% of the population, recorded as living there on 1 January 2013, Dragør parish has a population density of 2656 persons per square km (6880/sq mi), Store Magleby parish with 9737 people, 69.96% of the population, has a density of 607.8 persons per square km (1574.2/sq mi). Thirty-six persons were recorded as not having a fixed address.
七、其他信息
Dragør Old Town
With its narrow streets and low houses from the 18th and 19th centuries, the town center is one of the best preserved cities in Denmark.
The Old Town has 76 listed properties as well as 5 on the harbor, which is the largest concentration of listed properties in a small town in Denmark.
Characteristic for a Dragør house is a black-tiered pedestal, water-scoured and whitewashed exterior walls finished with white cornices. The red roof has upscaling and whitewashed smoking. The windows are broken and oil-painted. The style is simple and punchy.
In 1611 there were 26 houses in Dragør, in 1677 another 27 and around 1700 the town consisted of 135 families. The building custom in the city can be divided into three periods - the three periods of prosperity - 1770, 1830 and 1890.
Major fires in 1842 and 1852, when a total of 36 houses were burned, provided extensive urban renewal. 13 'skipper houses' stand out by their beautiful proportions: Several are listed by builder J. H. Blichmann.
The painters Eckersberg and Julius Exner visited Dragør several times and found motifs for a number of pictures here.
Store Magleby – The Dutch Village
Store Magleby has a unique and different history. In the 1500s the village was colonized by Dutch farmers who for 300 years lived here with their special language, special rules of law, and customs and traditions that differed markedly from other Danish villages.
The cultural heritage of the Dutch farmers can still be seen in the church and at the Amager Museum situated in two old farmhouses in the village.
Store Magleby is also one of the best-preserved farming villages in greater Copenhagen. In contrast to most other Danish villages it is not surrounded by modern housing. With its village pond, old road structure and faming land almost all around it, it has preserved its original character.
The Danish King Christian II invited Dutch families to Amager in 1521, and they settled in Store Magleby. They were assigned the entire parish - except Dragør - and took over the existing farms freely.
It is uncertain why they were invited, and how they were received, but in subsequent generations they developed the specialized Amager farming and turned Amager into one large kitchen garden. The products were marketed in the capital, where Copenhagen's Amagertorv was their marketplace.
The Dutch immigrants were given special privileges. They got full use and ownership of land as well as farms. They were exempt from any kind of tax against paying an annual tax to the king.
They were permitted to set up Schout rule - self-government according to the Dutch model. It included local and internal government as well as judicial and ecclesiastical matters.
It was not until 1811 that after 300 years they renounced their language. Gradually it had come to be used only for church and school and had become a special blend of the original Dutch and the priests’ Low German.
It was probably also influenced by the Danish language, which they had to learn in order to manage in the Copenhagen marketplace.
In 1821 the old Schout Rule and the associated privileges were also abolished
Today, the influence of the Dutch can be seen at the Shrovetide Feast, at the Harvest Service in Store Magleby Church and on other festive occasions. Amager folk costumes and traditions can also be studied at the Amager Museum.
The Dutch names also live on in the best of ways – today in Dragør and Store Magleby you will meet many locals named Theis, Dirch and Crilles for the boys, and Leise, Marchen, Grith and Neel for the girls.
八、联系方式
Mayor: Oak Dahl Bidstrup
Address: Kirkevej 7, 2791 Dragør
Telephone: 32 89 01 00
Facebook: N/A
Website: https://www.dragoer.dk/