Kjósarhreppur 作者： 来源： 发布时间：2021-09-30
一、所属省或是州，具体位置，人口，面积
Kjósarhreppur, also known as Kjósin, is a municipality in Iceland. It is the most northern part of the Capital Region in Western Iceland. It is sometimes referred to as a "countryside in a city" due to its proximity to Reykjavík. The main industry is agriculture.
Kjósarhreppur is 302 square kilometers in size and lies in the northern part of Kjósarsýsla (former county of Iceland). The municipality is adjacent to Reykjavík, Bláskógabyggð and Hvalfjarðarsveit. In 2000 the municipality was home to 144 residents and now has a population of 245 as of 2020 (60th largest in Iceland).
二、自然地理
1.地理条件
The landscape of Kjósarhreppur is beautiful and varied; there you will find magnificent mountains, ridges and moors, valleys and ravines, lowlands, streams, waterfalls, lakes, bays and ponds. Familiar landscape place names are in almost every step of the way. name:
Esja, Móskarðshnúka, Skálafell, Botnssúlur, Brynjudalur, Reynivallaháls, Meðal-fellsvatn, Laxá í Kjós, Laxvogur, Hvalfjarðareyri and Hvalfjörður.
The following is a list of all the major landscape forms:
Mountains, ridges and moors: Esja (north side), Móskarðshnúkar (north side),
Skálafell (north side), Kjölur, Kjósarheiði, Botnssúlur (part of the mountain range to south side), Múlafjall (south and west side), Þrándarstaðafjall, Reynivalla-
neck, Sandfell, Meðalfell, Möðruvallaháls, Sandsfjall, Eyrarfjall.
Valleys: Miðdalur, Eilífsdalur, Flekkudalur, Eyjadalur, Laxárdalur, Svínadalur, Foss-árdalur, Brynjudalur.
Streams: Kiðafellsá, Laxá, Bugða, Skorá, Dælisá, Miðdalsá, Flekkudalsá, Sandsá, Svínadalsá, Þverá, Hálsá, Fossá, Brynjudalsá.
Lakes and ponds: Meðalfellsvatn, Myrkavatn, Sandvatn, Grindagilstjörn, Sand-fellstjörn, Eyjatjörn, Hurðarbakssef.
2.交通情况
The ring road runs around it and also the main road between Hvalfjörður and Þingvallasveitar crosses it and both of these routes are well traveled, the latter especially in the summer. Both were in fact ancient national routes as well as other routes, which now belong to history for the most part. This is the case with Svínaskarðsleið, which was an ancient route in the past but is now mainly used by riders.
https://www.kjos.is/is/stjornsysla/kjosarhreppur
三、经济发展和规模
The main industries are the production of milk, eggs, chickens, sheep farming, tourism and forestry. Most farms in Kjós have some benefits such as salmon and trout fishing. Some landowners rent land for cottages and there will be about 600 cottages in the district.
* The financial activities of the Icelandic municipalities are generally divided into A and B operations (sometimes also C), i.e. Municipal (A operation) and Group (A and B operations). Municipal comprises activities which are funded in part or in full through tax revenues. B operation companies are companies in which the City holds at least half of the shares and operate as financially independent units.
Translated Excerpt from the opening statement by the mayor in the 2019 Annual Financial Report:
The municipality's operating income amounted to ISK 373 million. according to the application for parts A and B, of which operating income amounted to A part 263 million kr.
The operating result of the municipality according to the annual accounts of Parts A and B was positive by ISK 24.8 million. and in Part A positive about 41.8 million. kr. but according to the budget, a surplus of ISK 18.9 million was assumed for Part A, and profit 30.8 million, kr. for Parts A and B. The municipality's equity at the end of the year amounted to ISK 302 million. according to the economic drawing but equity A share amounted to ISK 379.4 million kr.
Wages and salary-related expenses during the year amounted to a total of ISK 66.6 million. but in Part A about 428 mill. kr. Full-time positions at the municipality were about 4 at the end of the year.
The population of Kjósarhreppur increased by 7 in the year 2019 or by 2.9%. On December 1, 2019, the population was 245 but on the 1st. December 2018, they were 238.
https://www.kjos.is/is/stjornsysla/fjarmal/arsreikningar-1
四、产业特点重点项目
An excerpt from the mayor of Kjósarhreppur’s statement in the municipality’s 2005-2017 official planning report:
Kjósarhreppur is the most extensive municipality in the capital area and is part of it uniqueness among them, in terms of land use and population. The municipality is primarily an agricultural area as in the past and will continue to be so. Farmer production has been the main industry of the people for centuries. That is the main characteristic of a zoning plan that land is planned for the most part as an agricultural area.
It is also expected that the development of cottage settlements will continue to be supported agriculture and emphasis is placed on the construction of new residential buildings as a rule in
in connection with the existing town turf. Urban areas are not expected but are permitted to plan building plots with space plot boundaries. Emphasis is placed on protection and sustainable utilization in all respects. Services are defined as the most powerful growth driver for job creation alongside agriculture. Diverse opportunities lie in all kinds of services, especially because of the changed opportunities for outdoor activities and proximity to the country's main urban areas. Made clearly explain the possibilities in the zoning plan.
As mentioned earlier, no power-intensive industry or development is expected for urban areas high voltage masts. Furthermore, cultivation with the aid of biotechnology is not permitted, at the same time aquaculture and unorganized pumping of aggregates from Hvalfjörður, both pre-invited. In other words, it is not permitted to do anything that has a large beneficial effects on the environment and damages the image of the country and society. All land in the municipality is privately owned and has work on the master plan therefore been more extensive than otherwise. There has been extensive consultation with landowners and residents in the planning process.
五、风景名胜，景点( attractions)
1. Meðalfell Mountain
Meðalfell is a particularly beautiful mountain to see. There is one stand in the middle of Kjós and the course is like a ship heading west. A good hiking trail is up the "ridge", but no doubt there are more, for example up the southeast slope, the "stern". The walk up the west slope is quite steep but easy. About one kilometer walk is to the highest part of the mountain from the ascent route.
The average fall is steep on most sides, the cliffs that crown it are in many places cut with ravines and gorges, but below the landslides. The view is very good over Kjósin, which is extremely beautiful everywhere you look. There you can see the promising hiking trails up to the many mountain slopes and mules that go north of Esja.
https://www.islandihnotskurn.is/Page.aspx?ID=415
2. Kaffi Kjós (Coffee Choice) Service Center
Ferðaþjónustan Hjalla ehf. (Hjalli Tourist Services ltd) operates on Hjalli farm in the district of Kjós. Hjalli farm is a recent build, since 1952, on the estates of Eyjar I.
Traditional husbandry was operated on the property, that is to say, milk production and sheep breeding. Current owners of the property bought it in 1980 and lived there with their cows and sheep for the first few years. They bred sheep there up until the year 2017, whilst also working on tourist services.
Hjalli is located 50 km from Reykjavík, by road no. 461, 5 km off Hvalfjörður Road no. 47.
In 1998, Ferðaþjónusta Hjalla ehf. established the service centre of Kaffi Kjós, located on the south side of Mt. Meðalfell, with a lovely view over Lake Meðalfellsvatn. It is a restaurant, a café and a store. Kaffi Kjós works hard to make sure that visitors enjoy their meals in a homelike environment. Additionally, the business offers two types of accommodation: camping grounds and a small cabin (for two persons).
https://kaffikjos.is/is/frettir/
3. Laxá í Kjós River
Laxá í Kjós is a salmon fishing river with its source in Stíflisdalsvatn in Þingvallasveit and an estuary in Hvalfjörður. In the river is the waterfall Þórufoss and salmon go up to that waterfall. The length of Laxá is 25 km.
The first salmon hatchery in Iceland was tested in Laxá in 1884. The initiative for this experiment was initiated by Þorkell Bjarnason, a priest at Reynivellir, but he got Nordic fish scientists here and boxes where water could flow through were placed in Laxá and 13 females and 18 males were placed in the boxes.
The name Laxá indicates salmon. As early as 1884 people tried to hatch salmon here in Iceland for the first time.
六、历史文化
1.历史
Hvammsvík is land in Kjósarhreppur. Hvammur is a settlement land according to the Settlement Book, but Hvammsvík is first mentioned as a sub-lease in the seventeenth century. The British and US armies had facilities on the ground during World War II and built a considerable amount of structures there, such as barges, ports, ammunition depots, warehouses, sports facilities and much more. There are about 80 antiquities on earth on the archaeological list. The lands are about 600 hectares in size and reach from the sea in the interior of Hvalfjörður up to 400 meters above sea level at Reynisvallaháls. In the eighties and nineties, Skúli Pálsson ran a large-scale aquaculture on earth where the geothermal heat came in handy. Hitaveita Reykjavíkur (now Orkuveita Reykjavíkur) bought the land in 1996 and the land was then used for general outdoor activities for the public. There was a nine-hole golf course, a small pond that could be fished in, kayaking facilities, mussels on the beach and a lot of bird life, as well as camping, fully equipped barbecue facilities and facilities for eating, indoors and outdoors. In 2011, Orkuveita Reykjavíkur sold the land to entrepreneur Skúli Mogensen for ISK 230 million. Skúli said about the sale that he was looking forward "to deal with this fun project. Build there and cultivate and use the land for future tourist and outdoor recreation areas." In 2016, public traffic on Hvammsvíkurvegur adjacent to Hvammsvík and Hvammur was closed.
Búnaðarfélag was founded in the first half of the century and is a professional association for agriculture and a women's association (founded March 15, 1940) that covers various humanitarian issues. Veiðifélag Kjósarhreppur was founded in 1948. It leases the water area of Laxá and Bugða and juvenile farming for the same area. In 1948, a large and elegant boarding school for children (Ásgarður) was opened and it was the first specially designed school in the area, but until then it had been a boarding school in Kjósinn. The number of children in the countryside decreased and the primary school was closed in 2004. Today it is the office of the administration and the library of the municipality in Ásgarður.
https://www.kjos.is/is/stjornsysla/kjosarhreppur/um-kjosarhrepp
2. 文化体育
Before the turn of the century 1900, a cultural society called the Brotherhood was founded. Its main purpose was to buy books and lend books to members, the books were placed in the district parliament building which was at the parish rectory in Reynivellir, this house was a small wooden house that was used as a meeting house.
In 1915, the Ungmennafélagið Drengur was founded and it was immediately a dynamic association that took on most of the progress. When the second war ended, the youth club bought a cinema that had been built for soldiers in Hvítanes in Hvalfjörður, the house was demolished and the material used to build a clubhouse. This house is called Félagsgarður, it was taken into use in 1946 and was used for physical education for the primary school, the district office and all meetings in the district.
https://www.kjos.is/is/stjornsysla/kjosarhreppur/um-kjosarhrepp
七、其他信息
Laxá in Kjós is in new hands – Fishing News October 2020
It is always considered good news when popular years change tenants, but now it is the case that Laxá in Kjós goes into new hands.
It is probably safe to say that few people know Laxá í Kjós even as a new tenant, but Harald Eiríksson probably knows most anglers today as Haraldur has probably been sticking to angling for the last three decades. Haraldur was the sales manager of SVFR and then at Hreggnasi but now turns his poem upside down and will take Laxá in Kjós into his arms for the next few years.
A new agreement on the river is for the next few years and the overall price list of fishing licenses will be reduced, which is a cause for celebration for anglers, as it has been decided that the hunting lodge will receive some overhaul. The fishing in Kjósinn was good this summer but 1015 salmon came ashore and the autumn fishing was very good in this context but the biggest fishing on a pole was according to our sources 31 salmon on one pole but there were very experienced people in Kjósinn on the trip.
https://www.visir.is/g/20202021589d/laxa-i-kjos-komin-i-nyjar-hendur
八、联系方式
Mayor: Karl Magnús Kristjánsson
Telephone: 566 7100
Email: kjos@kjos.is
https://www.kjos.is/