Akranes,Iceland 作者： 来源： 发布时间：2021-01-14
一、人口，面积
Akranes is a port town and municipality on the west coast of Iceland, around 20 km (12 mi) north of the capital Reykjavík. The area where Akranes is located was settled in the 9th century, but did not receive a municipal charter until 1942. Akraneskaupstaður is a town on Skipaskagi in Western Iceland and was previously called Skipaskagi, still in everyday speech Skaginn. 6,754 people lived there on December 1, 2015.
Akranes is the largest municipality in the West of Iceland, with a population of about 7500. The area offers many opportunities for fun and play, and there are not many townships that boast as many good locations for outdoor activities as Akranes – both within and around the town limits.
二、自然地理
1.地理条件
At Akraneskaupstaður, emphasis is placed on an elaborate town environment with a beautiful town image that has a positive effect on the quality of life of the inhabitants and increases the town's attractiveness. The aim of Akranes Town in environmental matters is to improve the treatment of man-made and natural environment so that the inhabitants of the town are honored as well as to increase the general environmental awareness of the inhabitants and make them more aware of the main advantages of living in a clean and beautiful environment.
The town of Akranes is 8.2 square kilometers in size and lies largely by the sea, the coast makes a strong impression on the landscape and environment on the Skagan. The settlement runs from the southernmost point of Akranes (Suðurflös) in a northerly / northeast direction in Garðaflói. The possibilities for outdoor activities are great and the areas are diverse, and it can be said that there is diversity that spans between the mountains, the beach and the diverse bird life. Various monuments can be found along the coastline, most notably the single site and the old lighthouse on Breiðinn, town ruins by Kalmansvík, Sólmundarhöfði and Elínarhöfði.
2. 交通情况
The Hvalfjörður tunnel, which was inaugurated in 1998, was a major improvement in transport for Akranes and significantly shortened the driving route to Reykjavík. With their arrival, Akraborg stopped its sailings between Reykjavík and Akranes.
Transportation is an important policy area in Akranes, just like in other municipalities. Akranes town supervises and attends to open areas, footpaths and cycling routes, areas for outdoor activities and forestry, and various other upkeep, not least with regard to the new districts of the town. In addition, there are ongoing projects to renovate and maintain the sidewalks and streets in many parts of the town.
Akranes has a bus transportation system that is quite extensively used, not least by schoolchildren and students. Akranes is also connected to the bus transport network Strætó bs., And buses go back and forth between Akranes and Reykjavík multiple times a day.
In Akranes there is no fare charged for bus trips within the town, which are available on every week day between the hours of 7.10 and 18.00. The local bus does not run on weekends. There are two bus routes, the morning route between the hours of 07:10 and 9:40 and the later route from 11: 15-17: 45.
三、经济发展和规模(当地GDP等)
The Municipal Council is the governing body of Akranes and decides on how to make use of sources of income, what loans to take, how to allocate assets and how to implement projects in the municipality. The Municipal Council of Akranes is composed of 9 Council Members who are democratically elected by the inhabitants of Akranes. The Mayor is responsible for the day-to-day management of the municipality.
You can access information about municipalities in Iceland in a database called Municipal Information Service. This project was carried out at the time in collaboration with the Association of Icelandic Municipalities, Statistics Iceland and the Ministry of Social Affairs. KPMG was a professional consultant in various fields in connection with this project. The information contained in the database comes primarily from the annual accounts of municipalities or from Statistics Iceland, which has collected them from the municipalities. The aim of the project is to have as much information concerning the municipalities as possible available in one place and accessible to all those who are interested. The whole site can be seen here.
The database now contains information on the following topics:
Municipal accounts, broken down by issue, Tax and real estate tax, Elementary School, Kindergarten, Payments from the Municipal Equalization Fund, Population of municipalities, Area of municipalities,Information will be added to the database as soon as possible, so that it must at all times contain extensive information on the operation of municipalities and various other issues related to the local government level in Iceland.
The annual accounts of Akranes Town and its institutions are prepared by the staff of the town office and audited in accordance with law by certified auditors. The annual accounts show the income statements and balance sheets of the funds in question, together with the breakdowns and explanations of individual issues. The annual accounts are also included in the consolidated financial statements of Akranes Town.
At the end of the year, there were current construction agreements for projects on behalf of the municipality, e.g. leisure centers, gymnasiums, street construction, etc. Unopened construction at the end of the year according to the above agreements amounted to ISK 600 million. kr. and are expected to terminate all contracts in the year 2020. At the same time, various work and service contracts are in force, which entail a commitment for the municipality next year. Agreements have also been made on contributions to projects, e.g. culture, sports, etc. for the long term. Expenditure on the contracts is charged when incurred.
The municipality has entered into agreements for the lease of housing and equipment for the operation of business units. At the end of the year, there were active agreements, both temporary and indefinite. Fasteignafélag Akraneskaupstaður slf. has received a special registration for the rental or sale of real estate according to Art. II. chapter of regulation no. 577/1989. With the registration, the company assumes an obligation to correct input tax in the event of changes in the use of the property, which entails a change in the right to deduct input tax, which amounted to ISK 333 million at the end of the year. kr. Risk of holding in Orkuveita Reykjavíkur sf .:
Akraneskaupstaður owns 5.528% in Orkuveita Reykjavíkur sf. One of the company's biggest risk factors is the development of foreign loans and exchange rate movements. Akranes Town's risk from a holding in the company is hidden in the possibility that RE will not be able to meet its payment obligations due to loans and will need the owners' financing.
四、产业特点重点项目
The fishing industry remains the town's most important source of employment, but commerce is also a significant employer as Akranes acts as a service center for a large rural region surrounding it. The town is expected to grow further in the coming years because of growing industry and improvements of transportation to the Reykjavík area, following the construction of the 5.57 km-long (3.46 mi) Hvalfjörður Tunnel which was opened in 1998, one of the world's longest underwater road tunnels.
The town of Akranes is a place where it is deemed important to maintain a sophisticated urban environment and an attractive appearance that has a positive impact on the quality of life of its residents and makes the town more attractive to outsiders. The environmental goals in Akranes are to improve the treatment of its man-made and natural surroundings for the benefit of the town's residents and also to increase the general environmental awareness of the locals and present to them the benefits of living in a clean and beautiful environment .
The town of Akranes is 8.2 square kilometers in size, a large part of it abuts the ocean and the coastline is a highly distinctive feature of the landscape and environment of the peninsula. The populated area extends from the southernmost tip of Akranes (Suðurflös) to the north / northeast towards Garðaflói. There are many opportunities for outdoor activities in nature areas as diverse as that of the mountainous and coastal areas and everything in between, with an added bonus of colorful bird life. Environmental protection and responsible treatment of nature are the most important factors for us, both now and in the future. Sorting of waste and proper handling thereof is vital for ensuring good living conditions for the future. The sheltered workshop Fjöliðjan in Akranes receives non-reusable packaging for the recycling plant.
Demonstrates responsible and effective financial management in recent years
• Operating results aim to be good and it is important to maintain those results and take advantage of the opportunities that exist.
development and development in the municipality.
• Strong financial position of the Akranes Town Group
• The opportunities of Akranes Town and the challenges in the year 2020 are:
• Put plots by Skógarhverfi and Sementsreit in the sale process and market Akranes as a promising option for living
• Make Akranes more visible for business development in light of the reduction in real estate taxes for companies.
• Promote increased opportunities in health-related issues in the municipality in the spirit of a health-promoting community.
• Prepare the municipality for the fourth industrial revolution with an emphasis on automation and e-government.
• Improve housing solutions for the disabled in collaboration with development aid and work on a permanent solution for Fjöliðjan after a fire during the year
• Continued work on education policy after a successful residents' assembly during the year. Preparations for the construction of a kindergarten and the opening of a gymnasium that will completely change the facilities for sports activities on Vesturgata.
五、风景名胜，景点( attractions)
1. ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
In Akranes, both dog and cat keeping is permitted under the conditions stipulated in the agreement on keeping dogs and cats in Akranes. You need to apply specifically for a permit for keeping dogs and cats in Akranes.
The animal inspector of Akranes Town is Sigurður Ólafsson and is based in the service center at Laugarbraut 6 (the old fire station). He is in charge of daily supervision of pet and animal husbandry in Akranes in accordance with the agreements on dog and cat keeping as well as rules on animal husbandry. Inquiries and suggestions can be sent to the animal inspector by e-mail and by phone 898 9478.
Dog keeping is allowed in Akranes after obtaining a permit and fulfilling the conditions set in the dog keeping agreement from October 2010. Akraneskaupstaður is a great place for dogs because there you can e.g. find good hiking trails, a defined dog area where dogs are released and then short to the sea to allow them to play and swim. Cat keeping is permitted in Akranes after obtaining a permit and fulfilling the conditions set out in the cat keeping agreement from March 2011. Complaint about keeping animals or animals in demand.
2. CULTURAL ACTIVITIES AND MUSEUMS
The community in Akranes is vibrant and flourishing. Akranes has more residents than ever before and the town is a peaceful and beautiful place for families to make their permanent home. Akranes has a uniquely family-friendly and safe environment where there is particular emphasis on providing the residents with extensive, high-quality services. It is important for a flourishing town to have a robust and diverse cultural life where everyone can find something that suits them. There is a strong cultural scene in Akranes with at least two town fairs each year, Irish Days in July and the cultural fair Waking Days in November, where the locals and guests can enjoy all the best endeavors of the artists in the town, in addition to which there are many other artists who come to the area to take part in this awesome festival. Akranes is a culturally vibrant place where there are regular concerts, either by one of the numerous local choirs or by other musicians. Norðurálsmótið, an annual football tournament sponsored by the aluminum company Norðurál, also takes place in Akranes and is attended by people from all over the country at the end of June.
The Akranes Folk Museum has in recent years made a good name for itself as one of the main attractions of Akranes, due to the fact that going there is quite an experience, even for people who otherwise are not interested in museums. The museum gives an extensive account of the history of human habitation in the area as well as the labors and daily lives of the locals through the ages.
The library in Akranes has about 80,000 books and magazines plus CDs, videos and multimedia content to name but a few things. The library has wireless LAN or hot spots for those who wish to bring their own computers and work online. Internet-connected computers and printer access is available in the library. The children’s section of the library is a cozy, popular place for families with children to visit. The library shares a building with the County Archives of Akranes and the Akranes Museum of Photography.
3. THE VILLAGE LEISURE CENTER
The activities of Þorpið are directed towards leisure time and risk prevention, with a particular emphasis on activities for children and adolescents. The village offers diverse and interesting leisure activities where the importance of risk prevention is stressed. It does its utmost to provide professional and extensive services and works in close co-operation with children and young people, parents and non-governmental organizations.
Þorpið includes Arnardalur, a community center for adolescents aged 13 - 16 years, Hvíta húsið, a house for young people between the ages of 16 and 25 years, Gaman saman, daytime activities for children aged 10-12 years and the leisure center Krakkasel, which provides after-school activities for grades 3 and 4.
Fjölsport is a diverse and fun sports course for all children in grades 5 - 7. Fjölsport is a collaborative project between Þorpið and ÍA. Children are given an opportunity to become familiar with the many sports that are available in Akranes. Practice time at Fjölsport is on Tuesdays between the hours of 14:55 and 15.55 in the sports building at Jaðarsbakkar.
六、历史文化
1.历史
Akranes was settled in the 9th century by the brothers Þormóður and Ketill, sons of Bresi. They came from Ireland. The town started to form in the mid-17th century as a fishing village. In 1942, it was formally chartered, and in the following years it had the biggest surge in population in its history. Industry has been a big and growing employer: a cement plant has been operated in the town since the 1950s, and an aluminum smelting plant has been in operation near the town since 1998.
Akranes is actually the name of the entire headland between Hvalfjörður and Leirárvogur and Akrafjall sits in the middle. The headland is divided from ancient times between two districts: Akraneshreppur to the south and west and Skilmannahreppur to the north and east. In the 19th century, urbanization began to form around fishing and trade on Skipaskagi at the far end of the peninsula. In 1885 it was decided to divide Akraneshreppur in two because of the different interests of the town and the countryside. It became the town and its immediate vicinity to Ytri-Akraneshreppur and the countryside into Akrafjall to Innri-Akraneshreppur. Ytri-Akraneshreppur received town rights in 1942 and was named Akraneskaupstaður after that.
Even today, the fishing industry is the town's most important industry, but trade is also important, as is industry. The town has a cement factory that has been in operation since the 1960s and in Grundartangi, close to the town, there is an aluminum smelter that has been in operation since 1998. Football has long been held in high esteem in Akranes and the town's team, ÍA, has long been at the forefront of Iceland.
2. 文化体育
In Akranes there are kindergartens, primary schools and secondary schools. Day parents are independent contractors who work under operating licences issued by the municipality of Akranes, which also monitors their activities and provides advice and information to day parents and parents alike. The maximum number of children that a day parent is allowed to care for is four children simultaneously for the first year of providing day-care services. After the first year has passed a licence can be issued to allow care to be provided for five children at the same time. However, on average, there should not be more than two children under the age of one in the home. Where two-day parents work together, it is permitted to provide care to ten children simultaneously.
Akranes has a strong football tradition. The local team, ÍA, has for many years been among the best of the Icelandic football league. Ríkharður Jónsson was born in Akranes and had 2 spells with ÍA, he also managed the club. he is often considered to be one of Iceland's finest footballers. Former Sheffield Wednesday and Arsenal midfielder Siggi Jónsson was born in Akranes and had three spells as a player with ÍA. Akranes was the birthplace of the Atom poet Jón Óskar and footballers Ríkharður Jónsson and Arnór Sigurðsson. The town is home to Football club Íþróttabandalag Akraness Who currently play in the Pepsi Max-Deildin. The town is also home to second division club Knotbalnufélagið Kári.
Akranes has two sports buildings, one at Jaðarsbakkar and one at Vesturgata. Both sports buildings have a workout room and both also have smaller rooms that can be used for various purposes and for group sessions. In the sports center at Jaðarsbakkar there is a workout room and a swimming pool with a water slide, as well as facilities for soccer, basketball, badminton, track and field and volleyball practice. At Jaðarsbakkar there is the multi-use sports hall Akraneshöllin, the town's principal sports arena, as well as a large number of soccer pitches that are very popular in the summers. The sports building at Vesturgata houses such varied activities as basketball, gymnastics, badminton, karate, boxing, shooting, bowling and strength training among other things.
七、其他信息
The leisure centers Brekkusel and Grundasel are operated for children in grades 1 and 2 in Brekkubæjarskóli and Grundaskóli. Organized leisure activities are offered there and parents / guardians have the opportunity to enroll their children to take part after the school day has ended. The centers are open until 16:15 on all weekdays.
八、联系方式
Town manager: Sævar Freyr Þráinsson
Phone: 433 1000
Email: akranes@akranes.is
Address: Stillholti 16-18, 300 Akranes
https://www.akranes.is/is/english/akranes