Alma, New Brunswick 作者： 来源： 发布时间：2021-11-30
I. Population and Area
Total Area: 47.64 km2 (18.39 sq mi)
Population in 2011: 232
Population Density: 4.9/km2 (13/sq mi)
Population in 2011: 232 Population
in 2006: 301 Population
in 2001: 290
II. Natural Geography (environment and resources)
Tiny Bay of Fundy Village
In the heart of the Bay of Fundy, Alma is a picturesque village with a huge national park on its doorstep. No visit to Alma is complete without experiencing its famous Fundy Tides. The vertical difference between high and low tides exceeds 53 feet (16.2 meters) at times, making them the world’s highest. You can expect to see one high and one low tide during daylight hours, although times vary each day. For some good views of the natural spectacle, head to the fishing docks in Alma Harbour and stay a while to see how it looks at different sea levels.
- Another good place to watch the tidal event is from the cliffs of Cape Enrage. Stand next to the light station and fog alarm, which have been sending signals to approaching vessels since 1838. If you’re feeling adventurous while you are here, sign up for a climbing or rappelling session on the cliff walls.
- Evidence of the incredible power of the Fundy Tides can be seen at Hopewell Rocks. These are flowerpot shaped rock formations that have been sculpted by water erosion. During low tides, walk on the ocean floor beneath the rocks, then a few hours later, kayak over the same spot. At high tides, the water can rise up to four stories in height.
- There are more fresh air adventures to be enjoyed over at Fundy National Park. Depending on the time of year, hike, bike or ski along the park’s trails. If a daytime trip isn’t enough, stay overnight in one of the camping grounds.
- You can also base yourself in the village, which has earned a good reputation for the variety and quality of its seafood chowder restaurants.
- Reach Alma by flying into airports at Moncton, Saint John and Fredericton. You can also take the train into Moncton or drive from the United States along Highway 1. Your journey will be rewarded with gorgeous scenery and fascinating tidal phenomena.
- Alma (2011 Population 232) is a village in the parish of Alma, Albert County, New Brunswick, Canada.
- Alma has a relatively cool, wet and snowy humid continental climate with significant seasonal differences in spite of its near-ocean location. Summers are warm but relatively short, whereas winters are relatively cold but milder than inland areas.
Reference Website: https://www.expedia.com/Alma.dx181813
III. Economy
- In 2018, New Brunswick's GDP was 30.44 billion chained 2012 Canadian dollars.
Median earnings in 2005: 10,943 CAD
Median income in 2005: 25,249 CAD
IV. Industrial Characterisitics
- The headquarters of Fundy National Park is in Alma West, making tourism a major part of the local economy. Fishing, of lobster and scallops, is another primary economic activity.
- The local people rely on our lobster and scallop fishing, and tourism is an integral part of our survival. Our beaches are full of ancient history and the fossils reveal a lot of stories which you can collect. Alma is not just for the summer - snowmobilers love our hidden and winding trails which supply spectacular views. We are in a unique scenic location where you can witness the constant changes of the tides.
- Visit our attractions for a close up encounter. For your convenience, our small village provides two large lobster and scallop retail outlets, two motels, one hotel, a service station, a church, camping facilities, liquor retail, and two grocery stores, several restaurants with menus that reflect the Bay of Fundy's offerings, B&B and Inn accommodations, cottages and trailer hookups as well as Chalets.
- The village is famous for baked goods, a very eclectic book store, and gift shops. You will never get tired of this area with so many attractions and activities close at hand, there is sea kayaking, swimming in a seawater pool nearby, and of course the many hiking opportunities. Our constant summer guests are the hummingbirds - the bay is the most traveled migration route for so many bird species that you do not want to leave your cameras and binoculars at home.
- Investing in modern water and wastewater infrastructure is critical to ensuring Canadians and their families have access to reliable water and wastewater services that meet the needs of dynamic communities while creating good jobs that help grow the middle class.
Reference Website: https://www.canada.ca/en/office-infrastructure/news/2019/08/supportfor-research-into-improved-well-and-water-services-in-the-village-of-alma.html
V. Attractions
1. Fundy National Park
Hike through forested valleys, explore
scenic lakes and enjoy thrilling outdoor activities throughout the year at this New Brunswick national park.
During your visit to Alma, put the vast wilderness of Fundy National Park on your to-do list. With skiing, swimming, hiking, camping and wildlife spotting, there is a wealth of outdoor adventures and activities at any time of year.
Established in 1948, this was New Brunswick’s first ever national park and it sprawls along Chignecto Bay on the Bay of Fundy’s northwest shore.
Enjoy a gentle or vigorous hike through the terrain. There are more than 62 miles (100 kilometers) of trails to explore, ranging from easy, all the way up to strenuous. The trails pass by beaches and waterfalls and through river valleys. The moderate level Dickson Falls trail is one of the most popular, because it features the park's most accessible waterfall. If you are in shape and up for a workout, go on the strenuous 2-hour Black Hole Trail.
Mountain bike enthusiasts can peddle their way along six trails, from moderate to strenuous.
During the winter, go tobogganing, snowshoeing and cross-country skiing. Animal lovers will be kept busy looking out for the park's wildlife species. They include the
Peregrine falcon, ruffed grouse, salamander, moose and eastern coyote. Get out on the lakes on a kayak, rowboat or canoe. Swim in the heated saltwater pool or at one of the beaches.
Among the other activities at Fundy National Park are fishing, tennis, lawn bowling and golf. Plan to stay overnight among the rugged surroundings. Pitch a tent in a front or back country campsites or stay in a yurt.
Fundy National Park is open all through the year, although the official season when most facilities are open is from mid-May to mid-October. During this time, the Visitor Reception Centre and all campgrounds are open from sunrise to sunset. Visit the park’s website for details of prices, including early bird discounts for seasonal passes. You will also find a list of ranger guided programs.
Fundy National Park is located just 1 mile (1.6 kilometers) outside the village of Alma.
There is no public transport to the park.
2. Hopewell Rocks
- The Hopewell Rocks is one of New Brunswick’s Top Attractions. Open seasonally from midMay to mid-October, the Hopewell Rocks is located along the coast of the Bay of Fundy,
which is home to the world's highest tides.
- The Hopewell Rocks is a self-directed park, however interpretive staff are located at key areas to answer any questions you may have. In addition to the opportunity to walk on the ocean’s floor, we have two sandy beach areas at either end of the park and a number of well-marked walking trails.
- What visit to New Brunswick could be complete until you've witnessed the natural wonder of the Bay of Fundy and learned the fascinating story behind its world-famous tides? The Hopewell Rocks is a magical place for your imagination to play…the only place where you can become a part of that story.
Website: https://www.thehopewellrocks.ca/index.php/en/home
3. Cape Enrage lighthouse
- Cape Enrage lighthouse is one of the oldest on New Brunswick’s Fundy coastline. The original light was built about 1840 at a cost of £600 and was probably a fixed, white light which may have been changed later to a green hazard light. David Tingley sold the land for £50 and allowed a road to be constructed to the Cape at no charge.
- The Commissioners determined the site to be suitable; it had water, stone for building, some arable land and the point of land reserved for the lighthouse was in direct sight of all points from Rockport southward to St Martins.
- Recently, records have been found indicating that a second lighthouse (the current one) was built at Cape Enrage in 1870. This light had a revolving white light until replaced with a fixed green light about 1999. Cape Enrage is actually an island now called Barn Marsh Island and is only connected to the mainland by a beach-head along which the road has been constructed. It is separated from the mainland by Barn Marsh Creek.
- Cape Enrage is so named for the turbulent waters that pass over the reef which continues southward from the island for nearly a kilometer at low tide and the rough seas can be seen for much farther on windy days as the current and wind are in opposition. It is one of the most hazardous areas for mariners in the upper Bay of Fundy. In the 1800's, there was much shipping passing by Cape Enrage en route to The Bend (Moncton), the Petitcodiac River,
Cumberland Basin, Grindstone, Rockport and other settlements on the Shepody Bay. Both ship building and stone quarrying were important industries in the upper part of the Bay of Fundy during that time. Barges carrying gravel to Moncton from Waterside Beach continued well into the 1900's. Many shipwrecks occurred at Cape Enrage and at Grindstone Island where a lighthouse was constructed in 1886. The Grindstone Island lighthouse was decommissioned in 2000; its last keeper, Wainwright Weston (Pappy Weston) lived on Route 915 at New Horton for many years thereafter.
Website: https://www.capeenrage.ca/en/explore-a-beach/history-of-the-cape-enragelighthouse
VI. History
- The settlement, known as Salmon River Settlement, began in earnest as the lumbering trade took root with the exchange of land-grant title, and construction of a sawmill on the Upper Salmon River by its new owners. Prior to this, loyalist John Coffin, who held the land grant, caused frustration for would-be settlers because of his absence. Thus began the most vibrant period in the communities history.
- The Parish of Alma was created surrounding the Village in 1856, commemorating the thenrecent Battle of Alma during the Crimean war.[2] The Village municipality incorporated in 1966 following sweeping changes that disbanded county councils. It was 18 years prior that the federal government expropriated land in the village and parish west of the Upper Salmon River for the creation of Fundy National Park. Many homes were relocated east of the river as lumber barons gave way to the new land managers, the Parks Canada Agency. In addition to tourism related to the park, lobster and scallop fishing are an important industry based out of Alma's tidal harbour.
VII. Other information
- Alma (2011 Population 232) is a village in the parish of Alma, Albert County, New Brunswick, Canada. This village is centered on the small delta of the Upper Salmon River and Cleveland Brook, where they empty into Salisbury Bay.
- The community of Alma, New Brunswick is welcoming a significant federal investment in its local harbour. Coastal communities across Canada are supported by small craft harbours that provide the commercial fishing industry with safe and accessible facilities. With approximately 44,000 Canadians employed in this sector, the Government of Canada is making investments to renew its network of small craft harbours and work with municipalities and other stakeholders where investments and divestitures can enhance local communities.
- The investment will cover the reconstruction of breakwaters, which will provide safer navigation for harbour users sailing to and from their fishing grounds, and protect existing facilities at the harbour. Reconstruction will begin this year and is scheduled to be completed by December 2019.
VIII.Contact information
- MAYOR
Kirstin H. Shortt
Email: Mayorshortt@villageofalma.ca
- CLERK / TREASURER
Brenda Hoar
Email: villageofalma@gmail.com
or clerkbrenda@villageofalma.ca
- COUNCILLORS
Andrew Casey
Email: Councillorcasey@villageofalma.ca
- Susan MacCallum
Email: CouncillorMacCallum@villageofalma.ca
- Tiffany Bowron
Email: Councillorbowron@villageofalma.ca
- PUBLIC WORKS
Andrew Morrissey
Email: publicworksandrew@villageofalma.ca
Phone: 506-381-5477
- Reference Website: https://villageofalma.ca/index.html
- VILLAGE OFFICE
8 School Street
Alma, NB, E4H 1L2
Phone: (506)887-6123
Fax: (506)887-6124
Email: villageofalma@gmail.com
- Website: https://villageofalma.ca/index.html